England - Revision history

Admin at 15:33, 10 May 2025

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	**** York,		**** York,
	**** Hull,		**** Hull,
	**** Richmond.		**** [[Richmond, Yorkshire\|Richmond]].
	*** Lancashire,		*** Lancashire,
	**** Lancaster,		**** Lancaster,

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Admin at 19:11, 23 March 2025

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	The Principality of Wales is the Title of the Kings Eldest Son; it has few good Cities: Bangor was there formerly a famous Abby, where above twelve hundred Monks lived on what they earn'd by working. Milford is reckoned one of the finest Havens of Europe, by reason of its Sinuosities, which form as many good Ports. The Isle of Anglesey which is near it, was the abode of some Druids, and the retreat of those, who in Great Brittain would not submit to the Romans. It is called the Nursing Mother of Wales, by reason of its fertility. Its City of Aberfrau served formerly for abode to the Kings of North-Wales.</blockquote>		The Principality of Wales is the Title of the Kings Eldest Son; it has few good Cities: Bangor was there formerly a famous Abby, where above twelve hundred Monks lived on what they earn'd by working. Milford is reckoned one of the finest Havens of Europe, by reason of its Sinuosities, which form as many good Ports. The Isle of Anglesey which is near it, was the abode of some Druids, and the retreat of those, who in Great Brittain would not submit to the Romans. It is called the Nursing Mother of Wales, by reason of its fertility. Its City of Aberfrau served formerly for abode to the Kings of North-Wales.</blockquote>

			=== 1691. A most compleat compendium of geography by Laurence Echard. ===
			<blockquote>The Kingdom of England lies on the S. of Scotland, in a triangular form, incompassed on three sides with the Sea. In length from N. to S. about 325 miles, in breadth from E. to W. about 300 miles, containing about 30 millions of Acres. It contains the greatest part of the ancient Albion and Britain, sometimes called Lhoegria: now called by the French, Angleterre; by the Italians, Inghilterra; by the Spaniards, Inglaterra; and by the Germans, Engellandt.

			It was first conquered by the Romans; after that it had its own Kings; next by the Saxons, dividing it into seven Kingdoms, but afterwards united again; then by the Danes, again by the Saxons; at last by the Normans, who erected that Monarchy which still continues: so it is now wholly under its own King, who has the Title of Defender of the Faith. His Royal Seat is at London.

			The Inhabitants are of the Reformed Religion, here taught in its purity; some few are Papists. Their Language a branch of the Tutonick, chiefly compounded of Dutch, Latine, and French; in some parts of Cornwal they use a sort of Welch. Their chief Commodities are Corn, Cattel, Metals, Timber, Coals, abundance of Wool, Cloth, Stuffs, Linnen, Hides, Tallow, Butter, Cheese, Beer, &c. For the better methods sake, I shall divide it into the six Circuits of the Judges.

			* 1. The Northern Circuit, the Seat of the old Brigantes and Otalini, afterwards the K. of Northumberland. Now containing six Counties, viz. Northumberland, Durham, York, Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire; ch. T. are York, Durham and New-castle.
			* 2. Midland Circuit, the Seat of the old Corotani, and a few of the Cornavii, afterwards part of the K. of Mercia. It lies on the S. of the N. Circuit, containing seven Counties, viz. Lincoln, Rutland, Northampton, Nottingham, Darby, Leicester, and Warwick; ch. T. are, Lincoln, Peterborough, and Nottingham.

			* 3. Oxford Circuit, the Seat of the old Duboni, Atrebati, greatest part of the Cornavii, with some of the Silures, afterwards part of the K. of Mercia, and a little of the K. of W. Saxons. It contains eight Counties, viz. Oxford, Berks, Gloucester, Monmouth, Hereford, Salop, and Stafford; to these we may joyn (for methods sake) the County Palatine of Chester: ch. T. are Oxford, Chester, and Gloucester.
			* 4. Norfolk Circuit, the Seat of the old Iceni with some of the Catvellani, afterwards the K. of East Angles with a part of Mercia. It lies on the E. of Oxford Circuit, containing six Counties, viz. Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridge, Huntington, Bedford, and Buckingham: ch. T. are Norwich, Ipswich, and Cambridge.
			* 5. Home Circuit, the Seat of the old Trinobant•s, Regni, Cantii, with a few of the Catvellani, afterwards the K. of E. Saxons, S. Saxons, and Kent. It lies on the S. of Norfolk Circuit, containing five Counties, viz. Surry, Sussex, Kent, Essex, and Hertford-shire, to which we may joyn Middlesex: ch. T. are London, Canterbury, and Colchester.
			* 6. Western Circuit, the Seat of the old Dummonii, Belg•e, and Durotriges, afterwards the greatest part of the K. of W. Saxons. It lies on the W. of Home Circuit, containing six Counties, viz. Southampton, Wilts, Dorset, Somerset, Devon, and Cornwal: ch. Towns are Bristol, Exeter, and Salusbury.

			Chief Rivers are three, viz. 1. Thames, 2. Severn, and 3. Trent.

			Mountains of greatest note, are Ingleborough, Pendle, and Pennegent.

			Archbishopricks 2, Bishopricks 22, Universities 2.</blockquote>

	=== 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. ===		=== 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. ===

Admin at 18:10, 18 January 2025

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Admin at 01:31, 25 December 2024

2024-12-25T01:31:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:31, 25 December 2024
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	**** Herefordshire, — Hereford.		**** Herefordshire, — Hereford.
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

			=== 1685. Geographia universalis: the present state of the whole world by Pierre Duval. ===
			<blockquote>Of England.

			ENgland was so called by the English, an ancient People, who dwelt on the confines of Germany and of Denmark; the Name of Saxony Trans-marine was given it by the Saxons. Before, it was called Lhoegria, and then Scotland went under the Name of Albania, and Wales that of Cambria. During the decay of the Roman Empire, the Saxons and English invaded Great Brittain with main force, and near Bedford gained a signal Victory over the Insularies, who were constrained to abandon their Countrey. Several Brittons retired into Wales, others passed into Brittany in France, where they setled the British Tongues by the help of their Country Men, whom the Romans had already lead thither to support their pretensions to the Empire. King Arthur, one of the last Brittish Kings, who dyed in the year 542. is the same whom so many Fables be told of, and to whom is attributed the institution of the Knights of the round Table. The Victors, that is to say, the Saxons and the English, raised a Wall towards the West of England, to mark the Bounds of their Conquests, and at the same time made a Law, by which all the Brittons should have a hand cut off, who were found with a Sword on this side the Wall. In the year 450. and the following, there were formed seven Kingdoms, Kent, Sussex, Essex, West-Sex, East-Anglia, Mercia, North-Humbria. A little after that Charlemagne was acknowledged Emperour of the West, all these Monarchies were reduced into one by King Egbert, who dyed in the year 837. The Successours of this Egbert having been troubled by the Danes, the last of them declared his Heir William Duke of Normandy, to whom the Conquest of England brought the Name of Conquerour. Thus England has had Soveraigns of six several Nations, of the Brittons, Romans, Saxons, English, Danes and Normans. These last have established there the Principal Laws, the King who now reigns is James the 2. England is a greater Kingdom, more fertile and populous than is either Scotland or Ireland. It is the most considerable of any State in the Ocean: It produces Corn and Fruits in abundance: the best Tin in the World is transported thence; Wool, Cloaths, Hides and other Commodities both excellent and in great plenty; neither is it wanting in excellent Liquors. The English Horses, Dogs and Cocks are in high esteem all over the World. No Wolves have been seen there since the general hunting, which destroyed them almost all, by the means of permission Criminals had of redeeming their Lives with the Heads of those Animals. Gunners and Dogs were for sometime kept upon Frontiers of Scotland, to hinder the Wolves' which were hunted out, from returning into England. The great respect that is paid to Ladys in this Realm, has given occasion to the saying; that England is the Paradise of Women, the Purgatory of Servants, and the Hell of Horses. The English for the most part are well proportioned, and of a generous Nature. They have had so great an Antipathy to the Scots, that Edward the 1. the same who was preferred before his Eldest Brother, by reason of the Beauty of his Body, recommended, that after his Death, they should boyl him until they parted his Flesh and his Bones, that they should bury his Flesh, and carry his Bones along to the War against the Scots. The English are owned Soveraigns of the Ocean, and have made those States and Potentates to repent, who have dared to dispute their Right to that Title. Their Countrey is compared to the Tortoise in the shell, who has all his Defences collected. The acquisition of some Places by the allyance with Portugal, has obliged them to extraordinary expences. The Spaniards have a Proverb, with all War, and Peace with England. The general Religion of the English, is the reformed, the King of England is the Head of the Anglican Church, where of the Principal Members are the Bishops, who compose the House of Lords with the other Peers. This Parliament is very different from those of France; besides the House of Lords, there is that of the Commons, called the Lower House. The principal Rivers of England are, the Thames, Severn and Humber, which do not encrease by the Rains, the neighbouring Lands being sandy. There be reckoned one and fifty Counties called Shires; each of those Counties is distributed into hundreds, into Tithings or Tenths. They may be considered according to the four Regions of the World; and this division is much the same with that the Romans made, when they were Masters of the Country.

			The Southern part of England is along the Channel, where be the best Harbours of the Kingdom. Canterbury and Bristow be there considerable, the first upon the account of its Archbishopwrick and of its Primacy; the second for its Commerce, Ships arriving there at full Sail. Rochester is the usual Station of the Kings Ships, which are called men of War, Frigats, Yachts. Salisbury has a Metropolitan Church, wherein are reckoned as many Doors as there be Months, and as many Windows as there be days in the year. Windsor is a Royal Castle near the Thames, where the Ceremonies of the order of the Garter are generally performed. Dover is known for its strong Castle, for Peoples embarking there for Calice, Dunkirk and Ostend; for the Neighbourhood of the Downs, under whose shelter, the Ships that are bound towards the East and towards the South, may wait safely for Winds, fair for their Voyage. Hastings is a place where in the year 1066. William the Conquerour gained a full Victory over Herald the 2d. the last Danish King, who was killed upon the spot with above sixty thousand of his Men. Portsmouth, Southampton, Plimouth have very good Ports.

			The Eastern part has this advantage, of having London, the Capital of all the Realm, one of the Greatest, Richest and most Populous Cityes in the World, by the means of its greatest traffick. Its Scituation is upon the River of Thames, where it receives the noblest Ships of the Universe; its Bridge is three hundred and thirty Paces in length. The Pastures and Meads round about would make a most pleasant Prospect and Landskip, if the Smoak of Coals which is commonly burnt there, did not raise a continual Cloud. Norwich is one of the best Cities, and most populous of all the Kingdom. Yarmouth sees the fishing of Herrings performed in its Neighbourhood, where at Michaelmas is held a fair for that purpose. Cambridge one of the most famous Universities in the World. Harwich a famous Port. The Countrey round about was the abode of the Icenians, whose Queen Bodicea put to Death a great number of Romans in the time of Nero, and preferred a glorious Death before an Ignominious Slavery.

			Towards the midst of the Realm is Oxford, with one of the four most famous Universities of Europe, wherein there is thirty three Colledges, that of the University has a Library full of very curious Manuscripts; unless it be that of the Vatican, there be few in the World that have any so fine. Gloucester is commonly the appanage of the third Son of the King of Great Brittain: It is near the Severn, near the Isle of Aldney, where was formerly fought a singular Combat between Edmond Ironside King of the English Saxons; and Canute the Dane, who at length divided the Kingdom between them, after having fought a long while without being able to have any advantage over one another. Chester is accompanyed with a Sea-Port, where People embark for Ireland. At Worcester was the Defeat of the Kings Army in the year 1651. by the Rebels.

			York in the Northern part is the second City of the Kingdom, and the Title of the Kings second Son. Lancaster is a County Palatin, famous for its ancient Family. The two Houses of York and Lancaster gave a great deal of trouble to England, during above a hundred years, by the fatal Faction of the White and Red Rose. New-Castle and Hull have the conveniency of the Sea: The Country about New-Castle is full of Mines, which afford Coals, so necessary to the Inhabitants of the City of London, and the best Crayons of Europe. The refusal that was made at Hull of receiving King Charles the 1. was one of the Principal Motives of the War between his Majesty and the Parliamentaryes. Barwick and Carlisle have some Fortifications. Penrith keeps the round Terrass, which is said to have been King Arthurs Table. Between Hull and Newcastle there be the Ports of Brilington and Scarborough.

			The Principality of Wales is the Title of the Kings Eldest Son; it has few good Cities: Bangor was there formerly a famous Abby, where above twelve hundred Monks lived on what they earn'd by working. Milford is reckoned one of the finest Havens of Europe, by reason of its Sinuosities, which form as many good Ports. The Isle of Anglesey which is near it, was the abode of some Druids, and the retreat of those, who in Great Brittain would not submit to the Romans. It is called the Nursing Mother of Wales, by reason of its fertility. Its City of Aberfrau served formerly for abode to the Kings of North-Wales.</blockquote>

Admin at 06:29, 22 December 2024

2024-12-22T06:29:22Z

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Admin: Created page with " ==Etymology and other names== ==History== ==Geography== ==Demographics== ==Economy== ==Culture== ==Government== ==Military== ==Education== ==Transportation== ==Notable People== ==Sources from old books== ===1635. Historia mundi: or Mercator's atlas. London. by Gerhard Mercator.===
THE Southerne and greatest part of the Isle of Albion, is called in Latine Anglia: from Angria, a Countrie of Westphalia, commonly called Engern, as some would have it. Some suppos..."

2024-12-20T08:17:05Z

Created page with " ==Etymology and other names== ==History== ==Geography== ==Demographics== ==Economy== ==Culture== ==Government== ==Military== ==Education== ==Transportation== ==Notable People== ==Sources from old books== ===1635. Historia mundi: or Mercator's atlas. London. by Gerhard Mercator.=== <blockquote>THE Southerne and greatest part of the Isle of Albion, is called in Latine Anglia: from Angria, a Countrie of Westphalia, commonly called Engern, as some would have it. Some suppos..."

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