Italy - Revision history

Admin: /* 1694. The present state of the universe by John Beaumont. */

2025-05-21T01:40:21Z

1694. The present state of the universe by John Beaumont.

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	Archbishopricks 78, Bishopricks 278, Universities 17.</blockquote>		Archbishopricks 78, Bishopricks 278, Universities 17.</blockquote>

			=== 1693. A geographical dictionary representing the present and ancient names by Edmund Bohun. ===
			<blockquote>Italia, Latium, Ausonia, Hesperia, Oenotria, Saturnia, is the most celebrated Country in Europe; the Mistris, and Civilizer of all the rest. As she had anciently all those Names I have already expressed; so of later times, the Germans call it Welschlandt, or Wallischlandt; the Danes Ualland; the Turks Talia; the Poles and Sclavonians Uloska. Its ancient Bounds extended no further to the North, than the Rivers of Arnus, now Arno; and Aesis, Esino; afterwards it was enlarged by the Conquest of the Senones, to the River Rubicon, now Il Pisatello. All between these Rivers and the Alpes, being then called Gallia Cisalpina. But at this day it is extended to the Alpes, and the River Varus; which parts it from France and Germany to the West and North; on which side also the Adriacick Sea divides it from Dalmatia: on the South the Tyrrhenian, Sicilian, and Ligurian Seas divide it from Africa; on the West the same Sea washeth it; and on the East the lower part of the Adriatick Sea, and the Ionian, which divide it from Greece. This Country lies in the form of a vast Peninsula; and resembles very much the Leg of a Man. It containeth in length from Augusta Praetoria, (now Aoust,) at the foot of the Alpes, unto Otranto, (in the most Eastern Point of the Kingdom of Naples) one thousand and twenty Miles: in breadth from the River Varo, (which parts it from Provence) to the Mouth of the River Arsa in Friuli, where it is broadest, four hundred and ten; about Otranto, where narrowest, it has not above twenty five; and in the middle from the Mouth of Pescara on the Adriatick Sea to that of the Tiber, on the opposite Shoar, is one hundred twenty six Miles: its whole Circuit may be about three thousand four hundred forty eight Miles. The Apennine Hills divide it into two parts: it is a very fruitful, pleasant Country; and towards the North extremely well watered with Rivers. At first divided into divers Tribes and Nations; which being all united by the Roman Conquests into one Empire, upon the ruin of that, it became again divided into divers Seigniories and Republicks; that are now severally in the hands of the Pope, the King of Spain, the Republick of Venice, the Dukes of Savoy, Florence, Mantoua, Modena, and Parma; the Common-wealths of Genoua and Lucca, and some other small Principalities; of all which, I shall discourse in their proper places. This Country lies towards the midst of the Temperate Zone: from 28. deg. and an half of Long. to 42. and an half: and from 37. deg. and an half of Lat. to 46. and an half. In every respect so delightful, that divers Writers call it the Garden of Europe. Watered by the Rivers Po, Tanaro, Garigliano, Arno, Reno, Tiber, Volturno, &c. Adorned with a great many magnificent, handsome, well built Cities, divers Universities, and more Bishopricks than any Country in the World besides.</blockquote>

	=== 1694. The present state of the universe by John Beaumont. ===		=== 1694. The present state of the universe by John Beaumont. ===

Admin at 23:39, 15 May 2025

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	Policastro, Policastrum, or Palaeocastrum, is a small Town almost deserted, and reduc'd to the form of a Village, on the Coasts of the Toscan Sea; together with a Bay of the same Name; about 8 miles from the Confines of the Province of Basilicata, 17 from the Promontory of Palinuro to the East, and 55 from Salerno to the South-east; nevertheless, it still retains the Title of an Episcopal See, under the same Metropolitan of Salerno.		Policastro, Policastrum, or Palaeocastrum, is a small Town almost deserted, and reduc'd to the form of a Village, on the Coasts of the Toscan Sea; together with a Bay of the same Name; about 8 miles from the Confines of the Province of Basilicata, 17 from the Promontory of Palinuro to the East, and 55 from Salerno to the South-east; nevertheless, it still retains the Title of an Episcopal See, under the same Metropolitan of Salerno.

	Nocera, Nuceria, Ital. Nocera di Pagani, is in like manner dignify'd with the Title of an Episcopal See, under the Metropolitan of Salerno; and that of a Dutchy, appertaining to the Family of Barberino, being situated between Sarno and Cava, at the distance of 10 miles from Amalfi to the North, 8 from Salerno to the North-east, and 22 from Naples.		Nocera, Nuceria, Ital. Nocera di Pagani, is in like manner dignify'd with the Title of an Episcopal See, under the Metropolitan of Salerno; and that of a Dutchy, appertaining to the Family of Barberino, being situated between Sarno and [[Cava]], at the distance of 10 miles from Amalfi to the North, 8 from Salerno to the North-east, and 22 from Naples.

	Minori, or Minuri, Minora, is founded on the Gulf of Salerno, about 8 miles from this City to the West, 3 from Amalfi, and 22 from Naples to the South. It is a Place, at present, of little Note, yet affords a See to a Prelate suffragan to the Archbishop of Amalfi.		Minori, or Minuri, Minora, is founded on the Gulf of Salerno, about 8 miles from this City to the West, 3 from Amalfi, and 22 from Naples to the South. It is a Place, at present, of little Note, yet affords a See to a Prelate suffragan to the Archbishop of Amalfi.

Admin: /* 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. */

2025-05-14T21:34:45Z

1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child.

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Admin: /* 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. */

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1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child.

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Admin: /* 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. */

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1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child.

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Admin: /* 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. */

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1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child.

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Admin at 16:20, 10 May 2025

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	***** Ostia,		***** Ostia,
	***** Erascati,		***** Erascati,
	***** Tivoli,		***** [[Tivoli]],
	***** Palestrina,		***** Palestrina,
	***** Veletri,		***** Veletri,

Admin at 16:08, 10 May 2025

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	St. Marino stands at the distance of Ten or Twelve Miles from the Villages of Catholica, toward the Apennine, on the top of a Mountain, at the Foot whereof are the limits of the Republick of the same Name. Indeed this State, as it were a little swarm of Bees, hath supported it self for many Ages, and still continues to flourish, as being out of the reach of Envy, or Jealousie.		St. Marino stands at the distance of Ten or Twelve Miles from the Villages of Catholica, toward the Apennine, on the top of a Mountain, at the Foot whereof are the limits of the Republick of the same Name. Indeed this State, as it were a little swarm of Bees, hath supported it self for many Ages, and still continues to flourish, as being out of the reach of Envy, or Jealousie.

	Romagna, or Romandiola, Romandiola Ecclesiastica, is bounded on the North by the Territories of Ferraresi, on the South by Toscany, on the East by the Dutchy of Ʋrbin and the Adriatick-Sea, and on the West by the Country of Bolognese: It is extended from North to South for the space of 38 Miles, and about 66 from East to West. In this Province is comprehended the greater part of the ancient Aemilia, and Flaminia.		[[Romagna]], or Romandiola, Romandiola Ecclesiastica, is bounded on the North by the Territories of Ferraresi, on the South by Toscany, on the East by the Dutchy of Ʋrbin and the Adriatick-Sea, and on the West by the Country of Bolognese: It is extended from North to South for the space of 38 Miles, and about 66 from East to West. In this Province is comprehended the greater part of the ancient Aemilia, and Flaminia.

	The most considerable Cities and Towns are these, viz.		The most considerable Cities and Towns are these, viz.

	* Ravenna, Archb. C.		* [[Ravenna]], Archb. C.
	* Frenza, Bish.		* Frenza, Bish.
	* Sarsina, Bish.		* Sarsina, Bish.

Admin: /* 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. */

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1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child.

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	The Kingdom of Naples is the greatest State of Italy, it belongs to the King of Spain, who pays for it, every Year, a white Hobbey to the Pope, with seven thousand Ducats. The Spring is there so long, and so full of Flowers, the Autumn so loaded with Fruits, that it is esteemed a Paradise. The City of Naples is the abode of several Gentlemen, which makes it be called the Gentile. It is situated so advantagiously, that it seems an abridgment of all the Beauties of Italy. There are few Cities in Europe, who have so many Churches, and so many Cittadels, as has Naples.</blockquote>		The Kingdom of Naples is the greatest State of Italy, it belongs to the King of Spain, who pays for it, every Year, a white Hobbey to the Pope, with seven thousand Ducats. The Spring is there so long, and so full of Flowers, the Autumn so loaded with Fruits, that it is esteemed a Paradise. The City of Naples is the abode of several Gentlemen, which makes it be called the Gentile. It is situated so advantagiously, that it seems an abridgment of all the Beauties of Italy. There are few Cities in Europe, who have so many Churches, and so many Cittadels, as has Naples.</blockquote>

			=== 1691. A most compleat compendium of geography by Laurence Echard. ===
			<blockquote>Italy, one of the most famous Countrys in Europe, lies on the S. E. of France, and S. of Germany, incompassed on three sides with Sea. Situated between the 25th and the 40th, and 40 min. of Lon. and between the 37th and 36 min. and the 46th and 10 min. of Lat. It is almost in form of a mans leg, being in length from Geneva to Otranto 760 miles; in breadth from Nizza to Trieste 380, from Ancona to Civita Vechia 134, and from Policastro to Barletta but 75 miles. In this extent were comprehended the old Diocess of Rome, the greatest part of that of Italy, and part of Gaul. It was anciently called Ausonia, Latium, Hesperia, Saturnia, and Oenotria; now, by the Germans, Welschlandt; by the Danes, Valland; by the Turks, Talia; by the Poles, Wolskazemia; and by the Sclavonians, Vloska.

			It anciently had several Governments, till conquered by the Romans, who had their Emperours till conquered by the Goths, and soon after by the Longobards, and after that by the French and Germans, till the Imperial Power failing, it was reduced to several petty Governments; so that it is at present ruled by the King of Spain, the Pope, five Dukes of the greater sort, four of the less, three Commonwealths, with some other small Governments. The chief City is Rome.

			The Inhabitants are Roman Catholicks, with some few Protestants in the N. W. parts. Their Language, the vulgar Italian, very courtly and fluent, composed of Latine and old Italian, with some Lombardian in the North, some Gothish in the middle, and a little Greek in the S. East; but in Savoy they speak the French. Their chief Commodities are Corn, Wine, Oyl, Fruits, Rice, Silks, Velvits, Taffaties, Grograms, Sattins, Fustians, Allom and Glasses. It contains 12 Provinces, besides the Isles, which are as following.

			* 1. Dukedom of Savoy, part of old Gallia Norbonensis; the most N. W. Province bordering on France, 90 m. l. & 60. br. it contains seven parts, viz. 1. The Commonwealth of Geneva, (free) ch. T. Geneva. 2. County of Geneva; ch. T. Annecy. 3. Proper Savoy; ch. T. Chambery. 4. Morienne; ch. T. St. Iean. 5. Tarentess; ch. T. Moustiers. 6. Fossigny; ch. T. Cluse: And, 7. D. of Chablais; ch. T. Thonon. Chambery is ch. T. of the whole. It is under its own independent Dukes, except the State of Geneva.
			* 2. Principality of Piedmont, part of old Narbonensis, with a little of Liguria; on the S. E. of Savoy, 140 m. l. & 104 br. It contains nine Provinces, viz. 1. D. of Aoust; ch. T. Aoust. 2. Signeuri of Vercelli; ch. T. Vercels. In this is the Prin. of Masserino (under its own Princes) ch. T. Masserino. 3. Mar. of Susa; ch. T. Susa (under the French). 4. Prendi; ch. T. Turin. 5. Mar. of Iurea; ch. T. Iurea. 6. Proper Piedmont; ch. T. Conio. 7. Asti; ch. T. Asti. 8. Mar. of Saluzzo; ch. T. Saluzzo. 9. Nizza; ch. T. Nizza. Turin is ch. T. of the whole. It is under Savoy, except Masserino and Susa.
			* 3. Dukedom of Montferret, that part of old Liguria that was called Cisapennina; on the E. of Piedmont, 65 m. l. & 45. br. it comprehends the Ter▪ of Laughe, and is partly under the Duke of Savoy, and partly under the Duke of Mantua; ch. T. under Mantua, are Casale and Acqui; ch. T. under Savoy, are Alba and Trino. Casale is chief of all.
			* 4. The State of Genoa, part of old Liguria, an independent Commonwealth, on the S. of ...Montferret and E. of Piedmont, 155 m. l. & 30 br. ch T. are Genoa, Savona, Albenga and Noli. In the bounds of this Province lies, 1. The Prin. of Onegla, ch. T. Onegla (under Savoy). 2. Mar. of Finale, (under Spain) ch. T. Finale. 3. Town and Mar. of Torreglia, under its own Prince: And, 4. Prince of Monaco, under France.
			* 5. Dukedom of Milan, the greatest part of old Gallia Transpadana, with some of Liguria; on the N. of Genoa, and E. of Montferret and Piedmont, 155 m. l. & 115 br. It contains eight parts, viz. 1. Milaness, ch. T. Milan. 2. Novare, ch. T. Novara. 3. Lanmellina, ch. T. Lanmellina. 4. Alessandrino, ch. T. Alessandria. 5. Tortonese, ch. T. Tortona. 6. Pavese, ch. T. Pavia. 7. Lodigiano, ch. T. Lodi: And, 8. Cremonese, ch. T. Cremona. It is now under the King of Spain.
			* 6. Dukedom of Parma, part of the old Gallia Cispadana, on the S. E. of Milan, and N. E. of Genoa, 60 m. l. & 55 br. It is divided into three parts, viz. 1. D. of Parma it self, ch. T. Parma. 2. D. of Piecenza, ch. T. Piecenza: And, 3. Ter. of Busetto, ch. T. Busetto. All under the D. of Parma.
			* 7. Dukedom of Modena, part of old Gallia Cispadana; on the E. of Parma, 84 m. l. & 46 br. ch. T. are Modena and Regio. In the bounds of this Dukedom are four other small Provinces, viz. 1. Ter. of Carpi, ch. T. Carpi. 2. Ter. of Corregio, ch. T. Corregio. These two are under the Duke of Modena. 3. D. of Mirandula, ch. T. Mirandula. And, 4. Prin. of Novellara, ch. T. Novellara. These two are under their own Princes.
			* 8. Dukedom of Mantua, part of the old Cenomani; on the N. of Modena, 68 m. l. & 38 br. ch. T. Mantua. In the bounds of this Dukedom are four other Soveraignties, (besides the Prin. of Bozolo, under the D. of Mantua,) viz. 1. D. of Sabionetta, ch. T. Sabionetta. 2. D. of Guastilla, ch. T. Guastilla. 3. Prin. of Castiglione, ch. T. Castillon: And 4. Prin. of Solfare. These are under their several Princes. 9. Commonwealth of Venice, on the N. E. of Mantua, 260 m. l. & 114 br. It contains the old Venetia, Carnia, Istria, and part of Cenomani; now divided into 14 Provinces, viz. 1. B•rgamasco, ch. T. Bergamo. 2. Cremense, ch. T. Crema. 3. Bressciano, ch. T. Bresscia. 4. Veronez, ch. T. Verona. 5. Vicentino, ch. T. Vicenza. 6. Paduano, ch. T. Padua. 7. Rovigino, ch. T. Rovigo. 8. Dogato, ch. T. Venice. 9. Marca Trevigiano, ch. T. Trevigio. 10. Feltrino, ch. T. Feltri. 11. Belluness, ch. T. Belluno. 12. Cadorino, ch. T. Cadore. 13. Friuli, ch. T. Vdine: And, 14. Istria, ch. T. Cabo d' Istria. These nine Provinces commonly go under the general name of Lumbardy.
			* 10. The State of the Church or the Popedom under the Pope, on the S. of Venice, 260 m. l. & 130 br. It contains the old Pro. of Vmbria, Picenum, Sabina, greatest part of Latium, with part of Gal. Cispadana and Hetruria, now divided into 12 Provinces, viz. 1. D. of Ferrara, ch. T. Ferrara. 2. Bologness, ch. T. Bologna. 3. Romagna, ch. T. Ravenna. In this is the Town and Soveraign Mar. of Meldola. 4. D. of Vrbine, ch. T. Vrbine. In this are the County of Citta de Castello; Ter. of Fano; and the Commonwealth of St. Marino, (independent) ch. T. are the same. 5. Mar. of Ancona, ch. T. Ancona. 6. D. of Spoletto or Vmbria, ch. T. Spoletto. 7. Perugiano, ch. T. Perugia. 8. Orviatano, ch. T. Orvieto. 9. D. of Castro, (under the D. of Parma) ch. T. Castro. 10. St. Peter's Patrimony; ch. T. Viterbo. In this are the D. of Braciano (under its own D.) County of Roncigliano; and that of Citta de Castillana, ch. T. are the same. 11. Sabina, ch. T. Magliano. 12. Campagna di Roma, ch. T. Rome.
			* 11. Great Dukedom of Tuscany, but a part of the old Tuscia or Hetruria; on the S. W. of the Popedom, 170 m. l. & 120 br. It contains, 1. The Dukedom of Florence, ch. T. Florence. 2. Ter. of Sienna, ch. T. Sienna. 3. Ter of Pisa, ch T. Pisa and Leghorn. These are under the Duke of Tuscany. 4. Commonwealth of Luca, (independent) ch. T. Luca. 5. The State of Presidii, (under Spain) ch. T. Orbitello. 6. Duke of Carrara and Massa (under its own Duke). 7. Prin. of Piombino, ch. T. Piombino: Its Prince is under the protection of Spain. Florence is ch. T. of the whole.
			* 12. Kingdom of Naples, on the S. E. of the Popedom, 340 m. l. & 120 br. It contains the old Pro. of Samnum, Campania, Apulia, Messapia, Lucania, Brutium, with a little of Latium; now divided into twelve Provinces, viz. 1. Abruzzo the further, ch. T. Aquila. 2. Abruzzo the nigher, ch. T. Lanciano and Civita di Chie. 3. Molissa, ch. T. Molise. 4. Terra di Lavoro, ch. T. Naples, and Capua. 5. Further Principate, ch. T. Benevento. 6. Nigher Principate, ch. T. Salerno. 7. Basilicate, ch. T. Cirenza. 8. Capitinate, or Puglia, ch. T. Manfredonia. 9. Terra di Bari, ch. T. Bari. 10. Terra di Otranto, ch. T. Otranto. 11. Calabria the Nigher, ch. T. Cosenze, and Rossano. 12. Calabria the Further, ch. T. Regio and St. Severino. It is under the K. of Spain.

			The Italian Isles are chiefly three; which are,

			* 1. Kingdom of Sicily, on the S. W. of Naples, 200 m. l. & 148 br. under the K. of ...Spain. Divided into three Provinces, viz. 1. Val di Demona, ch. T. Messina and Catana. 2. Val di Noto, ch. T. Siracossa and Noto: And, 3. Val di Mazera, ch. T. Palermo and Montreal. Palermo is ch. of all.
			* 2. Kingdom of Sardinia an. Ichusua and Sandaliotes, on the N. W. of Sicily, 160 m. l. 94 br. ch. T. are Cagliari, Crestagni and Sassari. It is under the K. of Spain.
			* 3. Island of Corsica, under the Commonwealth of Genoa, on the N. of Sardinia, 115 m. l. & 55 br. ch. T. are Bastia, Corte, St. Florence, and Boniface.

			Rivers of chiefest note are four, viz. 1. Po, 2. Adige, 3. Tiber, and 4. Arno.

			Mountains of greatest note, are the Alps and Apennine.

			Chief Lakes are eight, viz. 1. Garda, 2. Como, 3. Magjore, 4. Iseo, 5. Lugato, 6. Perugia, 7. Celano, and 8. Bolseno.

			Patriarchs three, viz. Rome, Venice, and Aquileja.

			Archbishopricks 78, Bishopricks 278, Universities 17.</blockquote>

	=== 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. ===		=== 1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child. ===