Source:Bohun3 - Revision history

Admin at 02:32, 14 July 2026

2026-07-14T02:32:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:32, 14 July 2026
Line 2,659:		Line 2,659:

	The Kingdom of Tunquin, or Tonquin, Tunchinum, is bounded on the East and North by that of China; on the South by Cochinchina, and by the great Bay; on the West by the Kingdom of Brama. The Capital City of it is Kecio. The King of this City is also Master of a part of the Province of Quansio. He formerly paid Tribute to the Emperour of China: Now, Homage only by an Ambassadour, by an Establishment in 1667. Of late years the Christian Religion has been preached with good success, (as is said) by the Missionaries of the Church of Rome. A Kingdom of great power, and nigh as large as France: situated in 20 deg. of Lat. and 145. Long. Mostly under the Torrid Zone: yet very fruitful, and healthful; and watered with above fifty Rivers. Cochin China was formerly a Province of it; now a Kingdom tributary to it. It is said to contain about twenty thousand Towns and Cities. The Sect of the Chinese Philosopher, Confusius, obtains much amongst the Tonquinese. It became a separate Kingdom about seven hundred years ago: Before which, it depended as a Province, upon the Empire of China.		The Kingdom of Tunquin, or Tonquin, Tunchinum, is bounded on the East and North by that of China; on the South by Cochinchina, and by the great Bay; on the West by the Kingdom of Brama. The Capital City of it is Kecio. The King of this City is also Master of a part of the Province of Quansio. He formerly paid Tribute to the Emperour of China: Now, Homage only by an Ambassadour, by an Establishment in 1667. Of late years the Christian Religion has been preached with good success, (as is said) by the Missionaries of the Church of Rome. A Kingdom of great power, and nigh as large as France: situated in 20 deg. of Lat. and 145. Long. Mostly under the Torrid Zone: yet very fruitful, and healthful; and watered with above fifty Rivers. Cochin China was formerly a Province of it; now a Kingdom tributary to it. It is said to contain about twenty thousand Towns and Cities. The Sect of the Chinese Philosopher, Confusius, obtains much amongst the Tonquinese. It became a separate Kingdom about seven hundred years ago: Before which, it depended as a Province, upon the Empire of China.

	Turcomania, Armenia Major, a vast Country in the Lesser Asia: of old called Armenia. It lies between Georgia to the North, the rest of the Lesser Asia to the West, Persia to the East, and Diarbeck to the South. This was the first Country the Turks possessed, after they came out of Tartary, (being most probably descended from the Scythians, that lay betwixt the Euxine and Caspian Seas); under Tangrolipix, about the year of Christ 1037. But the present Line was begun by Osman or Ottoman, about the year 1290: who was a Husbandman, or common Labourer; and by his Valour raised this Family. Bursa in Bithynia was the first Seat of their Empire, afterwards Adrianople, and then Constantinople. Solyman the present Emperour of the Turks, is the one and twentieth of this Line, set up by the Army against Mahomet IV. his Brother, out of a Discontent at his Misfortunes in the present War against the Christians, November 9. 1687.

	Turenne, Turena, a Town in Limosin, two Leagues from Courez, and four from Tulles.		Turenne, Turena, a Town in Limosin, two Leagues from Courez, and four from Tulles.

Admin at 22:10, 4 July 2026

2026-07-04T22:10:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:10, 4 July 2026
Line 1,184:		Line 1,184:

	Serres, or Seres, Serrae, a City of Macedonia; mentioned in Niceta, Cedrenus, and the latter Greek Writers; by Leunclavius now called Seres. It is now a considerable and well peopled Place; advanced to the Honour of an Archbishops See, in the place of Amphipolis: between which, Thessalonica and Philippi, it stands upon an Hill; our latter Maps place it thirty four Miles from Amphipolis to the South-East, sixty from Thessalonica to the North-East, and thirty from Contessa to the North-West.		Serres, or Seres, Serrae, a City of Macedonia; mentioned in Niceta, Cedrenus, and the latter Greek Writers; by Leunclavius now called Seres. It is now a considerable and well peopled Place; advanced to the Honour of an Archbishops See, in the place of Amphipolis: between which, Thessalonica and Philippi, it stands upon an Hill; our latter Maps place it thirty four Miles from Amphipolis to the South-East, sixty from Thessalonica to the North-East, and thirty from Contessa to the North-West.

	Servan, or Schirwan, Servania, Atropatia, a Province in the North West of the Kingdom of Persia, towards the Borders of Georgia and the Turkish Empire; the Northern Bounds of which are the Caspian Sea. It has many great Cities: and is one of the most Fruitful and Populous Provinces in that Kingdom; though it has suffered much in latter times by the Depredations of the Turks. The Cities of it are Tauris, Schamachie, Servan, Ardebeil and Ba••. This Country makes a part of the ancient Media.

	Servia, a Province of the Turkish Empire, called by them Zirfia. It is of great extent. Bounded on the West by Croatia, (or rather Bosnia and Dalmatia,) and in part by Sclavonia; on the North by the Danube, which separates it from the Ʋpper Hungary and Moldavia; on the East by Bulgaria; and on the South by Macedonia, Albania, and Dalmatia. The chief Towns and Cities in it are Belgrade, Prisren, Novibazar, Procupie, Semander, and Scopia, which was anciently the Capital. In the times of the Romans this was called Moesia Superior, esteemed a part of Thrace, and the most barbarous Nation the Romans had subdued; which was done by Marcus Licinius Crassus in the times of Augustus Caesar. In the fall of the Roman Empire, the Servi (a Branch of the Sclaves) became Masters of this Country, and gave it the name of Servia. About 1000. it was conquered by the Emperors of Constantinople; but suffered to continue under their own Princes as Homagers to the Empire. Amurath I. was the first of the Ottoman Princes, who invaded this Country: He took Nissa about 1374. after which they maintained a Bloody War with some Intermissions, till 1460: when they finally submitted to Mahomet the Great, and ever after esteemed a Province of that Empire. The Christian Faith was first setled here by Cyril and Methodius, between 860. and 890. Methodius taking care to give them the Bible in the Sclavonian Tongue; together with the Divine Offices; which they hold in high esteem to this day. The Country is very fruitful and rich; has Mines of Gold and Silver, especially about Zerbenick. Herzegovina and Rascia, are the two principal Parts of it.		Servia, a Province of the Turkish Empire, called by them Zirfia. It is of great extent. Bounded on the West by Croatia, (or rather Bosnia and Dalmatia,) and in part by Sclavonia; on the North by the Danube, which separates it from the Ʋpper Hungary and Moldavia; on the East by Bulgaria; and on the South by Macedonia, Albania, and Dalmatia. The chief Towns and Cities in it are Belgrade, Prisren, Novibazar, Procupie, Semander, and Scopia, which was anciently the Capital. In the times of the Romans this was called Moesia Superior, esteemed a part of Thrace, and the most barbarous Nation the Romans had subdued; which was done by Marcus Licinius Crassus in the times of Augustus Caesar. In the fall of the Roman Empire, the Servi (a Branch of the Sclaves) became Masters of this Country, and gave it the name of Servia. About 1000. it was conquered by the Emperors of Constantinople; but suffered to continue under their own Princes as Homagers to the Empire. Amurath I. was the first of the Ottoman Princes, who invaded this Country: He took Nissa about 1374. after which they maintained a Bloody War with some Intermissions, till 1460: when they finally submitted to Mahomet the Great, and ever after esteemed a Province of that Empire. The Christian Faith was first setled here by Cyril and Methodius, between 860. and 890. Methodius taking care to give them the Bible in the Sclavonian Tongue; together with the Divine Offices; which they hold in high esteem to this day. The Country is very fruitful and rich; has Mines of Gold and Silver, especially about Zerbenick. Herzegovina and Rascia, are the two principal Parts of it.
Line 1,903:		Line 1,901:
	TA, a River on the South of China, in the Provinces of Quansey and Quantam.		TA, a River on the South of China, in the Provinces of Quansey and Quantam.

	Tabago, the Tobacco Island, in the West-Indies, in the North Sea: Possessed by the Dutch: commonly also called Niew Walcheren. It lies eight Miles from la Trinidad to the North-East, and ninety South of Barbadoes: having eighteen small Rivers, and many sase Harbours: about nine Dutch Miles		Tabago, the Tobacco Island, in the West-Indies, in the North Sea: Possessed by the Dutch: commonly also called Niew Walcheren. It lies eight Miles from la Trinidad to the North-East, and ninety South of Barbadoes: having eighteen small Rivers, and many sase Harbours: about nine Dutch Miles long, and three broad; very fruitful, and full of all Necessaries. About forty years since, the Dutch began to plant it. In 1673. the English, under Sir Tobias Bridges took and plundered it; carried away four hundred Prisoners. and as many Negroes. In 1677. the French (being desirous to drive the Dutch out of it) sent the Comte d' Estrée with ten Ships: which entered Klips Bay, and for several days ingaged a Fleet of eight Dutch Ships there lying under the Command of James Binckes, a Dutchman: who so well defended the Island, that though the French pretended they destroyed the Fort the Dutch had built; yet they were forced to draw off, and leave the Dutch Masters of the Place. Long. 316. Lat. 10. 30. The whole Plantation of this Island is Tobacco, after its name.

	=== descriptionPage 397 ===
	long, and three broad; very fruitful, and full of all Necessaries. About forty years since, the Dutch began to plant it. In 1673. the English, under Sir Tobias Bridges took and plundered it; carried away four hundred Prisoners. and as many Negroes. In 1677. the French (being desirous to drive the Dutch out of it) sent the Comte d' Estrée with ten Ships: which entered Klips Bay, and for several days ingaged a Fleet of eight Dutch Ships there lying under the Command of James Binckes, a Dutchman: who so well defended the Island, that though the French pretended they destroyed the Fort the Dutch had built; yet they were forced to draw off, and leave the Dutch Masters of the Place. Long. 316. Lat. 10. 30. The whole Plantation of this Island is Tobacco, after its name.

	Tabarestan, Tabarestania, a Province of Persia, toward the Caspian Sea; containing a great part of the ancient Hyrcania. The Caspian Sea is sometimes from this Province called the Sea of Tabarestan. Asterabath its Capital City.

	Tabarque, Tabraca, an ancient City in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa, upon the Mediterranean Sea, betwixt Hippo and Ʋtica, It hath had the honour in the times of Christianity there, to be a Bishops See; but now, only considerable for its Port. Pliny, Claudian, and Stephanus mention it.		Tabarque, Tabraca, an ancient City in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa, upon the Mediterranean Sea, betwixt Hippo and Ʋtica, It hath had the honour in the times of Christianity there, to be a Bishops See; but now, only considerable for its Port. Pliny, Claudian, and Stephanus mention it.
Line 2,172:		Line 2,166:
	Tergowisch. See Targovisto.		Tergowisch. See Targovisto.

	Terki, Terchium, the principal City of Circassia, in Asia: in a well watered Plain; about one German Mile from the Caspian Sea to the West, sixty from Astracan to the South, and thirty six from Derbent to the North-West, Long. 76. 30. Lat. 45. 05. This City being some years since put into the hands of the Duke of Moscovy, has of late been carefully fortified as a Frontier against the Persians on that side. Olearius assures us it stands in Lat. 43. 23, in a Plain which bounds the sight upon the River Temenski; which issueth out of the Lake of Bustro, and facilitates the Correspondence between the Town and the Caspian Sea. The Town is fortified with Rampiers and Bastions of Earth; and has a Garrison of two thousand Russ, paid by the Great Duke.

	Terlee, a famous Abbey for Women of the Order of S. Bernard, in the State of Holland: founded by the ancient Earls of Holland: a League and a half off Leyden; but broken and ruined since the Reformation there.		Terlee, a famous Abbey for Women of the Order of S. Bernard, in the State of Holland: founded by the ancient Earls of Holland: a League and a half off Leyden; but broken and ruined since the Reformation there.
Line 3,681:		Line 3,674:

	Zaflan, a Lake in the Ʋpper Aethiopia, with a Town of the same name; under the Abyssines formerly: but ravished from them by the Galla's or Gala's, a neighbour Nation.		Zaflan, a Lake in the Ʋpper Aethiopia, with a Town of the same name; under the Abyssines formerly: but ravished from them by the Galla's or Gala's, a neighbour Nation.

	Zagathai, Zagataia, a considerable Country between the Kingdoms of Thibet to the East, Persia to the South, and the Caspian Sea to the West; in Tartary, in Asia. Called also Ʋsbech.

	Zagaya, one of the modern names of the Mountain Helicon.		Zagaya, one of the modern names of the Mountain Helicon.

Admin: /* descriptionPage 382 */

2026-06-22T01:18:13Z

descriptionPage 382

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:18, 22 June 2026
Line 1,413:		Line 1,413:



	Smyrna, a City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia, of great Antiquity, as laying claim to the Birth of Homer. The Turks call it Ismyrna. It is an Archbishops See; great, rich, and populous; the Seat of a Turkish Sangiack: built partly on an Hill, partly in a Plain, in the form of an Amphiathe•re; upon the River Mele: having a large and secure Haven, upon a Gulph of the Archipelago, to which it gives name: very much frequented by the English and Dutch Merchants; to whom alone the present Greatness and Wealth of it is owing. The ancient Greeks and Persians went often to War about it. Taken by the Venetians, in 1344. from the Turks; and not retaken till 1428. This was one of the Seven Churches mentioned in the Revelations; and almost the only one that is in a tolerable condition. See Mr. Wheeler's Travels, pag. 240. Long. 55. 30. Lat. 39. 28. An Earthquake and a Fire conspired the same day to do mischief to this City, June 13. 1688. They reckon in it, besides the Northern Merchants, about sixteen thousand Turks, fifteen thousand Greeks, eight thousand Armenians, six or seven thousand Jews. The Turks have fifteen Mosques for their Religion; the Jews seven Synagogues; the Latin Christians three Churches; the Greeks two; and the Armenians one. There is a Convent of French Capuchines; with some French Jesuits, and Italian Cordelieres. Each foreign Nation keeps a Consul here for Commerce: which consists in Persian Silks, Turkey Leather, Camelets, Tapistry, &c. Some curious Ruins of its ancient Magnificent Buildings are yet extant; of which, and of its Noble Statues, many have been thence transported by the English. It was heretofore much greater than now. The Summer Season would be insupportably hot, but for a refreshing Air from the Sea, which rises ordinarily about ten in the Morning, and blows till Night. Provisions are cheap in it. The Turks govern it, not by a Bassa, but a Cady, a Civil Officer; who uses the Christians obligir gly.


	Snath, a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire, in the Hundred of Osgodcross: adjoined by the Tract of Marshland.		Snath, a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire, in the Hundred of Osgodcross: adjoined by the Tract of Marshland.
Line 1,419:		Line 1,420:
	Snetham, or Snetsham, a Market Town in the County of Norfolk, and the Hundred of Smethden: seated upon a Rivulet, not far from the Sea.		Snetham, or Snetsham, a Market Town in the County of Norfolk, and the Hundred of Smethden: seated upon a Rivulet, not far from the Sea.

	Soana, Suana, a small City in the Territory of Siena; which is a Bishops See, under the Archbishop of Siena. It stands upon a very high Hill, near the River La Flore; in the Borders of the States of the Chürch; forty eight Miles from Siena to the North-East. In a declining State, and wasted almost to a Village. Long. 34. 46. Lat. 42. 11. Pope Gregory		Soana, Suana, a small City in the Territory of Siena; which is a Bishops See, under the Archbishop of Siena. It stands upon a very high Hill, near the River La Flore; in the Borders of the States of the Chürch; forty eight Miles from Siena to the North-East. In a declining State, and wasted almost to a Village. Long. 34. 46. Lat. 42. 11. Pope Gregory VII. was born here. In 1626. a Synod was held here also.

	=== descriptionPage 382 ===
	VII. was born here. In 1626. a Synod was held here also.

	Sobrarbe, a Tract in Arragon towards the Pyrenean Hills, and Catalonia. Honoured formerly with the Title of a Kingdom.		Sobrarbe, a Tract in Arragon towards the Pyrenean Hills, and Catalonia. Honoured formerly with the Title of a Kingdom.

Admin at 01:09, 22 June 2026

2026-06-22T01:09:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:09, 22 June 2026
Line 10:		Line 10:

	Reygate, a large Market and Borough Town in the County of Surrey. It stands in the Vale or Dale, called Holmes Dale; where Fullers Earth is digged up in abundance. Showing the ruins of an ancient Castle; and under ground a long Vault, with a spacious room at the end of it; said to be the secret Chamber in which the Barons met in Council in their War against K. John. The Danes fought several unsuccessful Battels near this Town. It is the Capital of its Hundred, and a Corporation represented in the Lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses.		Reygate, a large Market and Borough Town in the County of Surrey. It stands in the Vale or Dale, called Holmes Dale; where Fullers Earth is digged up in abundance. Showing the ruins of an ancient Castle; and under ground a long Vault, with a spacious room at the end of it; said to be the secret Chamber in which the Barons met in Council in their War against K. John. The Danes fought several unsuccessful Battels near this Town. It is the Capital of its Hundred, and a Corporation represented in the Lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses.

	Reyme, the present Name of Capernaum in Palestine.

	Los Reyos. See Lima.		Los Reyos. See Lima.
Line 630:		Line 628:
	Saintes, or Sainctes, Mediolanum Santonum, Santona, Santones, Ʋrbs Santonica, a City in Aquitain: the Capital of the Province of Saintonge, and a Bishops See, under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux. It stands upon the River Charente; twenty Leagues from Bourdeaux to the North, eleven from Rochelle to the South-East. Great, but not equally rich and populous. This City was in the times of the Romans built upon an Hill; where there appears the Ruins of a Roman Theatre, and many other Antiquities: this first Pile being ruined by the Goths, Franks, and other Barbarous Nations; the present was built nearer the River, and in a lower Ground. In the times of the Civil Wars of France in the last Age, this City had also a great share; the Hugonots for a long time being Masters of it. It hath now divers religious Houses. In 563. a Council here deposed Emeritus Bishop of the Place, for having entered upon the See by the Regal Authority, against the Consent of the Metropolitan and the Bishops of the Province: which Decree drew upon the Authors of it a fevere Pr•secution from the Crown.		Saintes, or Sainctes, Mediolanum Santonum, Santona, Santones, Ʋrbs Santonica, a City in Aquitain: the Capital of the Province of Saintonge, and a Bishops See, under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux. It stands upon the River Charente; twenty Leagues from Bourdeaux to the North, eleven from Rochelle to the South-East. Great, but not equally rich and populous. This City was in the times of the Romans built upon an Hill; where there appears the Ruins of a Roman Theatre, and many other Antiquities: this first Pile being ruined by the Goths, Franks, and other Barbarous Nations; the present was built nearer the River, and in a lower Ground. In the times of the Civil Wars of France in the last Age, this City had also a great share; the Hugonots for a long time being Masters of it. It hath now divers religious Houses. In 563. a Council here deposed Emeritus Bishop of the Place, for having entered upon the See by the Regal Authority, against the Consent of the Metropolitan and the Bishops of the Province: which Decree drew upon the Authors of it a fevere Pr•secution from the Crown.


	=== descriptionPage 358 ===
	Saintonge, or Xaintonge, Santonia, a great and fruitful Province of France: bounded on the North by Poictou, on the East by Angoumois, on the South by the Garonne, (which separates it from Guienne,) and on the West by the Bay of Aquitain. This was the Seat of the Santones, an ancient Nation of the Galls: its Capital is Saintes: the other Cities of Note are Brouges, S. Jean de Angely, and Taillebourg. The Rivers Garonne; Charante, Seudre, &c. water it. They make great quantities of Salt in this Province. The Romans had their Colonies in it: who often deride the short Cloaks or Gowns worn by the ancient Gauls here; as Martial,<blockquote>Gallia Santonico vestit te Bardocucullo: Cercopithecorum penula nuper erat.</blockquote>The same habit towards the Sea Coasts, is in use with the common People to this day. This Province fell to the Crown of England, together with Gascoigne, Guienne, &c. by the Marriage of Eleanor of Guienne with K. Henry II. of England.		Saintonge, or Xaintonge, Santonia, a great and fruitful Province of France: bounded on the North by Poictou, on the East by Angoumois, on the South by the Garonne, (which separates it from Guienne,) and on the West by the Bay of Aquitain. This was the Seat of the Santones, an ancient Nation of the Galls: its Capital is Saintes: the other Cities of Note are Brouges, S. Jean de Angely, and Taillebourg. The Rivers Garonne; Charante, Seudre, &c. water it. They make great quantities of Salt in this Province. The Romans had their Colonies in it: who often deride the short Cloaks or Gowns worn by the ancient Gauls here; as Martial,<blockquote>Gallia Santonico vestit te Bardocucullo: Cercopithecorum penula nuper erat.</blockquote>The same habit towards the Sea Coasts, is in use with the common People to this day. This Province fell to the Crown of England, together with Gascoigne, Guienne, &c. by the Marriage of Eleanor of Guienne with K. Henry II. of England.
	Sala, the same with Saal.		Sala, the same with Saal.

Admin at 20:25, 23 April 2026

2026-04-23T20:25:20Z

Show changes

Admin at 20:15, 23 April 2026

2026-04-23T20:15:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:15, 23 April 2026
Line 15:		Line 15:
	Los Reyos. See Lima.		Los Reyos. See Lima.

	Rezan, the Capital City of a Dukedom in Moscovy; which was heretofore a Sovereign Principality of great extent. It stands thirty six Miles from Mosco to the South-East, and twelve from the Fountains of the Tanais arising within this Dukedom. It is an Episcopal City. The Province of Rezan lies between the Don and Occa; having on the West Moscovy, which is divided from it by the River Aka. It is the most fruitful Province in this Kingdom: besides the chief City, (which lies upon the Occa) it has Corsira and Tulla, upon a River of the same Name. Olearius.		Rezan, the Capital City of a Dukedom in Moscovy; which was heretofore a Sovereign Principality of great extent. It stands thirty six Miles from Mosco to the South-East, and twelve from the Fountains of the Tanais arising within this Dukedom. It is an Episcopal City. Olearius.

Admin at 04:59, 18 October 2025

2025-10-18T04:59:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:59, 18 October 2025
Line 800:		Line 800:
	Sarch, Assyria, a Province of Asia, under the Turks. See Assyria.		Sarch, Assyria, a Province of Asia, under the Turks. See Assyria.

	Sardinia, Sandalioris, Ichnusa, a great Island in the Mediterranean Sea; called by the Inhabitants, Sardenna; by the Spaniards, Sardegna; and by other Nations, Sardinia. In length from North to South one hundred and seventy Miles; in breadth from East to West ninety; in circuit five hundred. It has eleven Harbours, ninety four Watch-Towers to preserve it from the Turkish Pirats; and in the Roman times it had forty two Cities: (in the former Ages of Christianity eighteen Episcopal ones) which are now reduced to eight. The first Nation that became Masters of it, were the Carthaginians; from whom it was taken by the Romans, in the first Punick War, about the year of Rome 493. two hundred fifty seven years before the Birth of our Saviour. In the Fall of the Roman Empire, it fell into the hands of the Saracens; who in the seventh and eighth Century possessed most of the Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. In 809. Pepin; Father of Charles the Great, recovered this Island out of their hands; which after this was the subject of a long War between the States of Genoua and Pisa; till at last Pope Boniface VIII. granted it to James II. King of Arragon, about 1296. who after many Wars obtained the quiet possession of it in 1326. (or as Hoffman		Sardinia, Sandalioris, Ichnusa, a great Island in the Mediterranean Sea; called by the Inhabitants, Sardenna; by the Spaniards, Sardegna; and by other Nations, Sardinia. In length from North to South one hundred and seventy Miles; in breadth from East to West ninety; in circuit five hundred. It has eleven Harbours, ninety four Watch-Towers to preserve it from the Turkish Pirats; and in the Roman times it had forty two Cities: (in the former Ages of Christianity eighteen Episcopal ones) which are now reduced to eight. The first Nation that became Masters of it, were the Carthaginians; from whom it was taken by the Romans, in the first Punick War, about the year of Rome 493. two hundred fifty seven years before the Birth of our Saviour. In the Fall of the Roman Empire, it fell into the hands of the Saracens; who in the seventh and eighth Century possessed most of the Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. In 809. Pepin; Father of Charles the Great, recovered this Island out of their hands; which after this was the subject of a long War between the States of Genoua and Pisa; till at last Pope Boniface VIII. granted it to James II. King of Arragon, about 1296. who after many Wars obtained the quiet possession of it in 1326. (or as Hoffman saith, in 1409). Ever since, it has been in that Family; Frederick II. has also given it the Title of a Kingdom. The Soil is very fruitful; but the Air equally unhealthful, or pestilential rather; insomuch that the Common-wealth and the Emperours of the Romans banished such persons to this Island, as they desired to have dead without Sword or Poyson. The Rivers Cedro and Tirso divide it into two parts, called the Cape de Lugodori and Cap de Cagliari: for its sertility, it was called the Nurse of Rome by Valerius Maximus; yet those parts of the Island to the North and East are mountainous and barren. The rest are Algher, Castel Aragonese, Bosa, Ostagni, Terra Nova, Sacer and Iglesias. A Vice-Roy for the King of Spain governs this Island.

	=== descriptionPage 363 ===
	saith, in 1409). Ever since, it has been in that Family; Frederick II. has also given it the Title of a Kingdom. The Soil is very fruitful; but the Air equally unhealthful, or pestilential rather; insomuch that the Common-wealth and the Emperours of the Romans banished such persons to this Island, as they desired to have dead without Sword or Poyson. The Rivers Cedro and Tirso divide it into two parts, called the Cape de Lugodori and Cap de Cagliari: for its sertility, it was called the Nurse of Rome by Valerius Maximus; yet those parts of the Island to the North and East are mountainous and barren. The rest are Algher, Castel Aragonese, Bosa, Ostagni, Terra Nova, Sacer and Iglesias. A Vice-Roy for the King of Spain governs this Island.

	Sardica. See Sofia.		Sardica. See Sofia.
Line 865:		Line 862:
	Saude, Salda, a River of France, which falls into the Marne.		Saude, Salda, a River of France, which falls into the Marne.

	The Save, Savus, a great River, placed by Ptolemy in Pannonia; now called by the Germans Die Saw, by the French and English the Save. It ariseth out of the Julian Aspes, in the Ʋpper Carniola; scarce three German Miles from Volzana to the North: and flowing Eastward through Carniola, watereth Craineburg; where it is a considerable River, though not far from its Head. It watereth Labach, Cilley, and Raia. Then entring Sclavonia, (which it divides from Croatia, Bosnia, and Servia;) and passing by Zagrab, Graditzka, Possega, (at four Hungarian Miles distance to the South) to Belgrade, it there falls into the Danube; after a Course of about three hundred Miles, as Dr. Brown saith: it has several considerable Islands made by its Stream; in some of which the Romans had considerable Towns; particularly in Sisseck near Zagabria. The Waters of the Danube		The Save, Savus, a great River, placed by Ptolemy in Pannonia; now called by the Germans Die Saw, by the French and English the Save. It ariseth out of the Julian Aspes, in the Ʋpper Carniola; scarce three German Miles from Volzana to the North: and flowing Eastward through Carniola, watereth Craineburg; where it is a considerable River, though not far from its Head. It watereth Labach, Cilley, and Raia. Then entring Sclavonia, (which it divides from Croatia, Bosnia, and Servia;) and passing by Zagrab, Graditzka, Possega, (at four Hungarian Miles distance to the South) to Belgrade, it there falls into the Danube; after a Course of about three hundred Miles, as Dr. Brown saith: it has several considerable Islands made by its Stream; in some of which the Romans had considerable Towns; particularly in Sisseck near Zagabria. The Waters of the Danube appear white, and troubled: those of the Save on the contrary are black and more clear: This and the Drave inclose between them that most fruitful Country called Sclavonia.

	=== descriptionPage 365 ===
	appear white, and troubled: those of the Save on the contrary are black and more clear: This and the Drave inclose between them that most fruitful Country called Sclavonia.

	Saverne, or Zabern, Tabernae Alsatiae, a Town in Alsatia; called by the Germans Elsas Zabern, and by the French Saverne; under the Bishop of Strasburg, and his usual Residence. Antoninus mentions this Place in his Itinerary: It is a strong and populous City; had heretofore a very strong Castle, which is now demolished; and it is seated upon the River Sorr, near the Borders of Lorain: four Miles from Strasburg to the West, and from Hagenaw towards Nancy. The Lutherans were defeated before this Town in 1525. by Anthony Duke of Loraine. It yields very good Wine. § There is a second, Saverne, in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany, upon the River Erlbach: called by the Natives Berg Zabern, to distinguish it from Rhein Zabern; a Town in the same Province, situated at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Erlbach.		Saverne, or Zabern, Tabernae Alsatiae, a Town in Alsatia; called by the Germans Elsas Zabern, and by the French Saverne; under the Bishop of Strasburg, and his usual Residence. Antoninus mentions this Place in his Itinerary: It is a strong and populous City; had heretofore a very strong Castle, which is now demolished; and it is seated upon the River Sorr, near the Borders of Lorain: four Miles from Strasburg to the West, and from Hagenaw towards Nancy. The Lutherans were defeated before this Town in 1525. by Anthony Duke of Loraine. It yields very good Wine. § There is a second, Saverne, in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany, upon the River Erlbach: called by the Natives Berg Zabern, to distinguish it from Rhein Zabern; a Town in the same Province, situated at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Erlbach.

Admin at 21:27, 4 October 2025

2025-10-04T21:27:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:27, 4 October 2025
Line 17:		Line 17:
	Rezan, the Capital City of a Dukedom in Moscovy; which was heretofore a Sovereign Principality of great extent. It stands thirty six Miles from Mosco to the South-East, and twelve from the Fountains of the Tanais arising within this Dukedom. It is an Episcopal City. The Province of Rezan lies between the Don and Occa; having on the West Moscovy, which is divided from it by the River Aka. It is the most fruitful Province in this Kingdom: besides the chief City, (which lies upon the Occa) it has Corsira and Tulla, upon a River of the same Name. Olearius.		Rezan, the Capital City of a Dukedom in Moscovy; which was heretofore a Sovereign Principality of great extent. It stands thirty six Miles from Mosco to the South-East, and twelve from the Fountains of the Tanais arising within this Dukedom. It is an Episcopal City. The Province of Rezan lies between the Don and Occa; having on the West Moscovy, which is divided from it by the River Aka. It is the most fruitful Province in this Kingdom: besides the chief City, (which lies upon the Occa) it has Corsira and Tulla, upon a River of the same Name. Olearius.

	Rha. See Wolga.

	Rhade, Rhaeda, an inland City of Arabia Foelix. Long. 83. 20. Lat. 14. 15.		Rhade, Rhaeda, an inland City of Arabia Foelix. Long. 83. 20. Lat. 14. 15.
Line 1,996:		Line 1,995:

	Tanagra, an ancient City of Boeotia (now Stramulipa) in Greece, near the River Asopus: Called Orops by Aristotle, and Gephyra in Stephanus. Athenaeus mentions, Cetus Tanagranus, as a Proverb for a vast Whale, because one of a prodigious Magnitude was cast up here. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens, the same with the Anatoria of some Moderns.		Tanagra, an ancient City of Boeotia (now Stramulipa) in Greece, near the River Asopus: Called Orops by Aristotle, and Gephyra in Stephanus. Athenaeus mentions, Cetus Tanagranus, as a Proverb for a vast Whale, because one of a prodigious Magnitude was cast up here. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens, the same with the Anatoria of some Moderns.

	Tanais, a River of Crim Tartary, which divides Europe from Asia. Called by the Neighbouring Nations, Don; by the Italians, Tana. It ariseth in the Province of Rezan, in Moscovy (eleven hundred Miles from Moscow) from the Lake Iuvanouvo Lezicro, which is five hundred Wrests broad; and flowing with a very Oblique Course through the Countries possessed by the Precopensian, or Crim Tartars; not far from the Wolga falls into the Lake of Moeotis; near a City called from it Tanais, now ruined. This City was once taken by the Russ; but now in the hands of the Turks. The River divides it into two parts, and affords it the convenience of an Haven; though now not much frequented. Long. 60. 40. Lat. 48. 09.

	Tanaro, Tanarus, a Navigable River of Lombardy; which ariseth in Piedmont, in the Borders of the States of Genoua from the Apennine: and running North-East, watereth Mondovi, Alba, Asti, and Alexandria, in the Dukedom of Milan: it falls into the Po at Bassignano; between Casal to the North, and Voghera to the South▪		Tanaro, Tanarus, a Navigable River of Lombardy; which ariseth in Piedmont, in the Borders of the States of Genoua from the Apennine: and running North-East, watereth Mondovi, Alba, Asti, and Alexandria, in the Dukedom of Milan: it falls into the Po at Bassignano; between Casal to the North, and Voghera to the South▪
Line 3,114:		Line 3,111:

	Uolfembuttel, Wolfembutel, a City of Germany, in the Dukedom of Brunswisk.		Uolfembuttel, Wolfembutel, a City of Germany, in the Dukedom of Brunswisk.

	Uolga. See Wolga.

	Uolhinia Superior, a part of Red Russia; called also the Palatinate of Luceoria. Bounded with Russia, (properly so called) to the West; Podolia to the South, the Palatinate of Brescia to the North, and Kiovia to the East. The Capital of it is Lusuck.		Uolhinia Superior, a part of Red Russia; called also the Palatinate of Luceoria. Bounded with Russia, (properly so called) to the West; Podolia to the South, the Palatinate of Brescia to the North, and Kiovia to the East. The Capital of it is Lusuck.
Line 3,512:		Line 3,507:
	Wolcmarck, Volcmarchia, a City of Carinthia, upon the Drave: 25 Miles beneath Clagenfurt to the East.		Wolcmarck, Volcmarchia, a City of Carinthia, upon the Drave: 25 Miles beneath Clagenfurt to the East.

	Wolga, Rha, one of the greatest Rivers, not only of Russia. but of Europe: called by the Tartars, Edel; by the Armenians, Thamar. It ariseth in the Province of Resckow, towards the Borders of Lithuania near the Lake of Wronow: and falls first into the Lake of Wolgo. Then flowing East it watereth Tweer, Gorodna, Jerislow, and Novogorod Nisi. (where it receives the Occa, a vast River, from Moscow:) so passing North to Wasiligorod and Casan, it turns East to Samara, and South to Soratof. A little above the ruins of Zaresgorod, it detaches a small River to the North, and beneath it 7 more; which all fall into the first. So passing to Astrachan, beneath that City it falls with four Mouths into the Caspian Sea. The learned Olearius has given an exact Map of this River, from the entrance of the Occa to its fall into the Caspian Sea.

	Wolgast, Volgasta, a City of the Hither Pomerania; which is the Capital of that Province, at the Mouth of the Oder: five Miles from the Shoars of the Baltick Sea, and 14 from Anclam. It is strengthened with a noble Castle, which was the Seat of the Dukes of Wolgast. In 1630. this City was taken by the Swedes. In 1675. retaken by the Duke of Brandenburgh: and in 1679. restored to the Swedes by Treaty.		Wolgast, Volgasta, a City of the Hither Pomerania; which is the Capital of that Province, at the Mouth of the Oder: five Miles from the Shoars of the Baltick Sea, and 14 from Anclam. It is strengthened with a noble Castle, which was the Seat of the Dukes of Wolgast. In 1630. this City was taken by the Swedes. In 1675. retaken by the Duke of Brandenburgh: and in 1679. restored to the Swedes by Treaty.

Admin at 20:58, 4 October 2025

2025-10-04T20:58:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:58, 4 October 2025
Line 823:		Line 823:

	Sarlat, Sarlatum, a City of Aquitain in France, in the Province of Perigort; which is a Bishops See, under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux. It stands upon a River of the same Name; one League from the Dordonne, (betwixt the Dordogne and the Vezere, as it were in an Island;) eight from Perigueux to the South-East, and thirty from Bourdeaux to the North-East. Made a Bishops See, by Pope John XXII. in 1317. by the change of its ancient Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral; having before been a part of the Diocese of Perigueux. It is so strongly situated, as to withstand two Sieges in the Civil Wars in 1652.		Sarlat, Sarlatum, a City of Aquitain in France, in the Province of Perigort; which is a Bishops See, under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux. It stands upon a River of the same Name; one League from the Dordonne, (betwixt the Dordogne and the Vezere, as it were in an Island;) eight from Perigueux to the South-East, and thirty from Bourdeaux to the North-East. Made a Bishops See, by Pope John XXII. in 1317. by the change of its ancient Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral; having before been a part of the Diocese of Perigueux. It is so strongly situated, as to withstand two Sieges in the Civil Wars in 1652.

	Sarmatia, and Sauromatia. This vast Region, in ancient Geography, was divided into Sarmatia Asiatica, Europaea, and Germanica. Sarmatia Asiatica, lay properly towards the Borders of Europe and Asia; with the Northern Ocean to the North, the Pontus Euxinus to the South, Scythia to the East, and Sarmatia Europaea to the West: now contained in the Northern Muscovia, in the Provinces of Samoyeda, Duina, Permski, Lucomeria, &c. Sarmatia Europea had for Bounds, both the other Sarmatia's, with the Euxine Sea; making now Russia. And Sarmatia Germanica took up the greatest part of the present Kingdom of Poland: being divided from the European Sarmatia, by the Nieper to the East; from the Borders of Germany by the Vistula to the West; from Dacia by the Neister and the Carpathian Mountains to the South, with the Baltick Sea and the Gulph of Finland to the North.

	Sarnagans, Sarnagan, Sargans, Serlandt, a Town and County in Switzerland, subject to the seven Senior Cantons. The ancient Sarunetes dwelt here.		Sarnagans, Sarnagan, Sargans, Serlandt, a Town and County in Switzerland, subject to the seven Senior Cantons. The ancient Sarunetes dwelt here.
Line 1,426:		Line 1,424:
	Smalkalde, Smalcalda, a City in Franconia in Germany, in the County of Henneneberg, under the Duke of Hess-Cassel: not above one German Mile from the River Werra, four from Isenach, and six from Erford to the North-West. Particularly regardable on the account of a League made and confirmed here by the Protestant Princes, in the years successively, 1530. 1531. 1535. and 1537. against Charles V. Wherein, besides thirty Lutheran Cities which had embraced the Confession of Ausbourgh, the Kings of Sweden and Denmark, the Dukes of Brunswick, Pomerania and Wirtembourgh, the young Marquess of Brandenbourgh, the Elector of Saxony, Landtgrave of Hesse and other Princes, by times, engaged: and whereas the Pope had convocated (what they desired) a free Council at Mantoua, these in their Assembly in 1537. (whereat Luther and Melancthon assisted), answered. They would never consent to a Council out of Germany. In 1547. Charles V. dissipated all the Forces of this League in one Campaign; taking the Elector of Saxony, and the Landtgrave of Hesse Prisoners. But in 1552. having recruited themselves again, they obliged Charles V. to conclude the Peace of Passaw, whereby Lütheranism was authoritatively established in Germany.		Smalkalde, Smalcalda, a City in Franconia in Germany, in the County of Henneneberg, under the Duke of Hess-Cassel: not above one German Mile from the River Werra, four from Isenach, and six from Erford to the North-West. Particularly regardable on the account of a League made and confirmed here by the Protestant Princes, in the years successively, 1530. 1531. 1535. and 1537. against Charles V. Wherein, besides thirty Lutheran Cities which had embraced the Confession of Ausbourgh, the Kings of Sweden and Denmark, the Dukes of Brunswick, Pomerania and Wirtembourgh, the young Marquess of Brandenbourgh, the Elector of Saxony, Landtgrave of Hesse and other Princes, by times, engaged: and whereas the Pope had convocated (what they desired) a free Council at Mantoua, these in their Assembly in 1537. (whereat Luther and Melancthon assisted), answered. They would never consent to a Council out of Germany. In 1547. Charles V. dissipated all the Forces of this League in one Campaign; taking the Elector of Saxony, and the Landtgrave of Hesse Prisoners. But in 1552. having recruited themselves again, they obliged Charles V. to conclude the Peace of Passaw, whereby Lütheranism was authoritatively established in Germany.

	Smolensko, Smolentum, one of the principal Cities of Poland, and the Capital of a Palatinate. It stands upon the Borysthenes in White Russia in Lithuania, near the Borders of Muscovy. Great and very strong, surrounded by a Wall eight Cubits broad at the top, strengthened by fifty two great Towers, and a very strong Castle. It contains about eight thousand Houses and was once much greater: subject at first to a Russian Duke, who was the Sovereign of it; but conquered by Vitondus Duke of Lithuania, in 1403. Casimirus II. King of Poland subjected it to that Crown, in 1452. The Russ took it in 1514. The Poles after many other fruitless attempts, recovered it again under Sigismund III. in 1611. after a Siege of two years. The Russ besieged it in 1616. and in 1633. to their great loss: Being the last time, after a years besieging of it, defeated by Ʋladislaus IV. King of Poland; who obtained from the Pope the settlement of a Bishops See in it. In 1654. it was taken by them, October 13. under whom it now is: and by a Treaty in 1656. yielded to the Russ. It lies one hundred and fifty Polish Miles from Vilna to the East, and the same distance from Kiovia to the North.

	Smyrna, a City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia, of great Antiquity, as laying claim to the Birth of Homer. The Turks call it Ismyrna. It is an Archbishops See; great, rich, and populous; the Seat of a Turkish Sangiack: built partly on an Hill, partly in a Plain, in the form of an Amphiathe•re; upon the River Mele: having a large and secure Haven, upon a Gulph of the Archipelago, to which it gives name: very much frequented by the English and Dutch Merchants; to whom alone the present Greatness and Wealth of it is owing. The ancient Greeks and Persians went often to War about it. Taken by the Venetians, in 1344. from the Turks; and not retaken till 1428. This was one of the Seven Churches mentioned in the Revelations; and almost the only one that is in a tolerable condition. See Mr. Wheeler's Travels, pag. 240. Long. 55. 30. Lat. 39. 28. An Earthquake and a Fire conspired the same day to do mischief to this City, June 13. 1688. They reckon in it, besides the Northern Merchants, about sixteen thousand Turks, fifteen thousand Greeks, eight thousand Armenians, six or seven thousand Jews. The Turks have fifteen Mosques for their Religion; the Jews seven Synagogues; the Latin Christians three Churches; the Greeks two; and the Armenians one. There is a Convent of French Capuchines; with some French Jesuits, and Italian Cordelieres. Each foreign Nation keeps a Consul here for Commerce: which consists in Persian Silks, Turkey Leather, Camelets, Tapistry, &c. Some curious Ruins of its ancient Magnificent Buildings are yet extant; of which, and of its Noble Statues, many have been thence transported by the English. It was heretofore much greater than now. The Summer Season would be insupportably hot, but for a refreshing Air from the Sea, which rises ordinarily about ten in the Morning, and blows till Night. Provisions are cheap in it. The Turks govern it, not by a Bassa, but a Cady, a Civil Officer; who uses the Christians obligir gly.		Smyrna, a City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia, of great Antiquity, as laying claim to the Birth of Homer. The Turks call it Ismyrna. It is an Archbishops See; great, rich, and populous; the Seat of a Turkish Sangiack: built partly on an Hill, partly in a Plain, in the form of an Amphiathe•re; upon the River Mele: having a large and secure Haven, upon a Gulph of the Archipelago, to which it gives name: very much frequented by the English and Dutch Merchants; to whom alone the present Greatness and Wealth of it is owing. The ancient Greeks and Persians went often to War about it. Taken by the Venetians, in 1344. from the Turks; and not retaken till 1428. This was one of the Seven Churches mentioned in the Revelations; and almost the only one that is in a tolerable condition. See Mr. Wheeler's Travels, pag. 240. Long. 55. 30. Lat. 39. 28. An Earthquake and a Fire conspired the same day to do mischief to this City, June 13. 1688. They reckon in it, besides the Northern Merchants, about sixteen thousand Turks, fifteen thousand Greeks, eight thousand Armenians, six or seven thousand Jews. The Turks have fifteen Mosques for their Religion; the Jews seven Synagogues; the Latin Christians three Churches; the Greeks two; and the Armenians one. There is a Convent of French Capuchines; with some French Jesuits, and Italian Cordelieres. Each foreign Nation keeps a Consul here for Commerce: which consists in Persian Silks, Turkey Leather, Camelets, Tapistry, &c. Some curious Ruins of its ancient Magnificent Buildings are yet extant; of which, and of its Noble Statues, many have been thence transported by the English. It was heretofore much greater than now. The Summer Season would be insupportably hot, but for a refreshing Air from the Sea, which rises ordinarily about ten in the Morning, and blows till Night. Provisions are cheap in it. The Turks govern it, not by a Bassa, but a Cady, a Civil Officer; who uses the Christians obligir gly.

Admin: /* descriptionPage 359 */

2025-09-27T23:36:33Z

descriptionPage 359

Show changes