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	Chinehin, a Province of the Kingdom of Tartary, where there is a Mountain that furnishes Mines of Salamandre, whereof they make Linnen that will not burn when thrown into the Fire. This Mineral spreads in Threads, which being dried in the Sun, and cleaned from their Filth, may be wrought like Wooll or Flax, and what is more surprizing, is, that they whiten it in Fire, which consumes the filth, but does no damage to the Cloth. This is the reason why its called Salamandre from the Lazard Salamandre, which common, but ill grounded Opinion will have to live in the Fire, for there is no living Creature can bear the heat of that Element, it's true that little Animal casts a glutinoas and cold humour out of its body, which abates the force of the Fire, and puts it out if little, but if the Fire be vehement, it dies, yet is not reduced into Ashes as other combustible Matters are. But to return to the Linnen, it was in some of this kind that great Persons Bodies were wrap'd up and burn't to keep their Ashes from mixing with others. Some say that there is now a piece of this Stuff at Rome, sent to some of the Popes by one of the Kings of Tartary. Kircher.		Chinehin, a Province of the Kingdom of Tartary, where there is a Mountain that furnishes Mines of Salamandre, whereof they make Linnen that will not burn when thrown into the Fire. This Mineral spreads in Threads, which being dried in the Sun, and cleaned from their Filth, may be wrought like Wooll or Flax, and what is more surprizing, is, that they whiten it in Fire, which consumes the filth, but does no damage to the Cloth. This is the reason why its called Salamandre from the Lazard Salamandre, which common, but ill grounded Opinion will have to live in the Fire, for there is no living Creature can bear the heat of that Element, it's true that little Animal casts a glutinoas and cold humour out of its body, which abates the force of the Fire, and puts it out if little, but if the Fire be vehement, it dies, yet is not reduced into Ashes as other combustible Matters are. But to return to the Linnen, it was in some of this kind that great Persons Bodies were wrap'd up and burn't to keep their Ashes from mixing with others. Some say that there is now a piece of this Stuff at Rome, sent to some of the Popes by one of the Kings of Tartary. Kircher.

	Chine, or the Empire of China, a great and spacious Country on the East of Asia; much fam'd for its Fruitfulness, Wealth, the Beautifulness of its Towns, and for incredible number of its Inhabitants. Ptolomy speaks of it under the name of Sinarum Regio, words which the Chinoeses are not acquainted with, nor indeed have th•y a lasting name for their Country, because that when the Empire falls to any new Family, they never fail giving it a new name too. Those of Chochinchina and Siam call it Cin, whence is form'd our China, which, according to the best Relations, has a great ridge of Mountains to the North, and where these end, there is that famous Wall, 300 miles long, to keep the Tartars out, who notwithstanding this have at several times made Incursions, and wasted great part of this Country, and at last made themselves Masters of it in this Age. To the West are other Mountains, which part it also from the same Tartars, and from part of the Indies, the main Ocean bounds it to the East and South, where is also the Kingdom of Tunquin. It's length, according to the Relation John Nieuhoff gives us of it in his Embassy, is 600 Leagues, its breadth is little less, its form square, and the whole is divided into 17 Provinces, or rather Kingdoms, if we consider the vast number of great Cities and Towns comprehended in 'em, amongst which are 160 prime and famous ones called Fu, about 240 of lesser note which they call Cheu, and near 2357 call'd Hien or small Towns, besides Fortresses, Castles, and Residences of the Kings Officers. The Chiefest of all now is Peking, about 30 Leagues from that great Wall, but Nanking was formerly the Capital. The Jesuits have a vast number of Oratories and Missions throughout the several Provinces of this Kingdom, with about 200 Churches and Priviledged Residences, and are building Colledges if ye believe F. Kirker. It cannot be expected that this vast Tract of Land should have the same temperature of Air, and indeed we hear that it's very cold towards the North of this Country, yet that the Air is so pure and serene that Men live to a great Age, without being ever visited by the Plague, but have frequent Earthquakes. Their Riches consist in Gold and Silver Mines, Pearls, Spices, Musc, which is the very best of the World, if the true Ambregrise Camfre, &c. besides Silk, whereof there is such a prodigious quantity, that the Province of Chekiang alone is able to furnish all the rest of the Universe, as all parts may furnish themselves with Cotton from China since the Europians shew'd 'em how to sow it about 500 years ago. Here are also Mines of all other Metals; They have a white kind of Brass, which is but little dearer than the common yellow Brass, and are very good at casting Bells and Pi••e• of Ordnance, which are as well wrought here as in any •••t of Europe. It's remarkable that the Emperors for•id the ••ening of Silver and Gold Mines, lest the Vapours and unwholesom Exhalations might annoy their Subjects, who have only leave to gather these Metals in the Sands of their Rivers, and make 'em up into sm•ll Pieces, which are valued but according to weight, for they have no Stamp, unless it be upon •rass Farthings that bear the Countreys Arms. Here are also Minerals of Quicksilver, Vermillion, Azur Stone, Vitriol, &c. So much for the Wealth, now as to the Inhabitants; whose number is as great as the Country is vast, so great that to see the great Roads, one could not compare 'em to any thing better than to an Army on its march, or to one of our Fairs of Europe, which so surprised some Portugueses when they went thither, that they ask'd whether the Women had not 9 or 12 Children at a time; And indeed to see their vast number of Ships, one at a distance could not imagine 'em any thing else but Towns on the Water, they lie so thick, nor would he speak very improperly that should call 'em so, since whole Families live in 'em, and breed their Hogs, Hens, Geese, &c. aboard, so that the Water, especially in the Southern Parts, is well nigh as much inhabited as the Land. But as to the number of the People Authentick Authors make it amount to 58914284 Men, without comprehending the Royal Family, the Magistrates, Eunuchs, Soldiers, Priests, or the Women and Children, so that it may not seem strange if a late Author affirmed that there were 200000000 of Souls in China, nor is this supputation hard to be made, for the Laws of the Country oblige each Head of a Family under a considerable Penalty to hang a Writing at his Door, with the number and quality of the Dwellers. This is observed in all their Cities and Towns, which differ only in Jurisdiction and Power, there being some of the latter altogether as big as the former. The Cities are generally under the Jurisdiction of the Viceroy of the Province, and have some Towns under 'em, yet there are some Towns too that are Capital of certain Territories, and form little Provinces with the others that depend on 'em. Their Forts are the same with their Cities and Towns, only that in these there are Garisons which live with the Burgesses. They all hate going up Stairs, and therefore live in their low Rooms, have no Windows to the Street, and keep their Wives in the inner Chambers from the sight and familiarity of Men, if it be not in the Province of Junnan, where they have liberty of walking in the Streets as with us. The inside of their Houses is very magnificent, all the Walls shining, being varnished with the precious Composition Cié. The Men are Civil, well Bred, Politick, and Industrious, but insupportably Covetous, and so Jealous that they lock'd their Wives in, until the Tartars, to their great grief, gave the poor Women the liberty of the open Air; They are covetous to that degree, that they will not stand to sell their very Children, or drown 'em when they think there are too many, thinking they do 'em a kindness in dislodging their Souls, which perhaps may pass into the Body of some rich Man's Child. This desire of Wealth lets 'em never be idle, and inspires them all with great aversion against Strangers. They have particular Inventions for the easier and quicker dispatch of every Work, and have a pretty Invention of Flying Chariots. Several are also of Opinion that we had Printing, Gunnery, and our Knowledge of the Loadstone from 'em, because these were never known in Europe until about the year 1278, which was the time that several Strangers, amongst others B. Oderic Italian, Ayton an Armenian, and Paul Venetian went into that Countrey, with the Tartars of the Family of Juena. The Men still go well Clad, carry a Fan in their Hand, and when they salute each other (for they are very courteous) they never put off their Hat, but with both Hands joined before their Breast incline their Body. Here is no Nobility but what depends on Science and Learning, without any regard to Birth, except in the Royal Families, not are Men raised to Honours and Dignities but according to their Parts and Deserts. For the Women they are not accounted handsom if they have not small Legs, for which reason they swaddle 'em up when Children to hinder their growth, so that one may see some whose Legs are scarce thicker than Sheep Shanks. There is another thing very particular in this Country concerning this Sex, which is, that it's the Men and not they that pay the Portion, which the Bride delivers to her Father for his trouble and care in bringing her up. Their Letters are not disposed Alphabetically as ours, for they use as many Figures as they have Words, which, according to Father Kircher, are 1600 in all, and Father Gunter says there are but 400, because one Word signifies a dozen or 15 different things, according as it is variously pronounced; as for Example, Yâ signies God, Yä a Wall, Yà Stupidity or Bluntness, Yá a Goose, so that all the energy of this Tongue consists in the diversity of Accents, Tones, Aspirations, and Inflection of the Voice. Besides this they have some compounded Figures that express 2 or 3 Words all-together, as to express Good Day Sir, they will not seek a particular Figure for Good, or Day, or Sir, but shall find one different from all 3 that shall yet express 'em; They have an infinite number of these, so that it's clear a Mans Life is too short to make a just discernment of all, yet be is not accounted a Learned Chinoise that does not know at least 800000 different Figures or Characters. They are so very ingenious in making Fire-Works, that they represent

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	any Character or Figure in 'em for Grueber the Jesuit says he saw one descend from the set•ing of a great Hall that represented a great Vine environed with another Fire in form of the Leaves, and Raisins or Grapes, all so well colour'd that the best Pencil could hardly do 'em more to the Life. The Chin•eses make use of Litters carried between two Mules, or by Men, but the Tartars have a kind of Calasb. The Town of Nan•uin, with several others, has without its Walls two magnificent Towers six or seven Stories high, all covered with Porcelain, and generally near each Tower is a Temple filled with Idols, and another dedicated to the Genius or Preserver or Protector of the place. There are also in all Towns and Cities Triumphal Arches, built in honour of valiant Men, famous Doctors, or of those that have done their Country some considerable Service; and there are but few that have not a Colledge of Confucius, that famous Philosopher of China, where several Professors teach his Doctrine, but there are no Idols in these Schools, which is very remarkable. The Ancient and late Emperors of China before the last Invasion of the Tartars, had an absolute Power over the Lives and Goods of their Subjects, the eldest Son succeeded in the Kingdom, the others had the Title of Kings, but no Sovereign Authority, for the Emperor assigned them only a City and magnificent Palace, annexing an Appanage for their Royal Maintenance, ordering his Receivers to remit them quarterly their Revenues, so that receiving but inconsiderable Sums at a time, they should never be able to undertake any thing. These Emperors, though they seldom went out of their Palaces, yet were perfectly well informed how their Viceroys and Governors behaved themselves, for they sent a Visitor yearly with power to supervise what was done, and according to his information the Prince ordered all things with the Advice of the Philosophers, who were employed in the Government of that Kingdom for above 2000 years. Thus did they Rule happily for many Ages, and unmolested by any but the Tartars, who at last through the Cowardise and Division of the Chinoeses, made themselves sole Masters of that flourishing Kingdom under Xunchi King of Ninche about 50 years ago. The present Tartar King of China keeps an Army all of his own Nation, except his Guards, who to the number of about 40000 as well Musqueteers as Bowmen are out of Japan or Corée. He gives the Chinois the Liberty of their Religion, and of keeping their former Laws, with this alteration only, that in every Tribunal there is a Tartar that presides. As for the Politick Government, he has established 9 Jurisdictions at Pekin Capital of the Kingdom, whereof the highest composed equally of the People of both Nations, is a kind of Parliament that Judges of all Causes Appeals. The second Examines what concerns Religion, and decides between the Men of Learning. The rest are for the Army, or to judge of Criminal Processes, and other things, as amongst us. In all the other Towns there are 9 such, but all subalterns and depending on these. There is no Appeal from the Parliament of Pekin, and if any one has recourse to the King, he is to have 100 heavy blows of a Cane, but if it be found that he was wronged, it costs the Judge his Life, or at least his Place. The King has 15 Wives, but not of the same Rank, for there are 3 that are Principal, whereof the chiefest is called Cinsi, that is perfect Queen, the other two Tumsi and Sifi, that is Eastern and Western Queens, which the Chinoeses call Laterales, these have access to the Sovereign, but they always speak to her upon their Knees, the other 12 never come into her presence unless by their Mediation; As for other Wives, this Prince has as many as he pleases. There is no distinction made between these Queens Children, nor is it the eldest, but whom the Prince chuses that succeeds him. When this Prince dies, his Body is burned after the Custom of the Tartars, but the Pile is not made of Wood, but is all Paper, so that the Expences generally amounts to above 60000 Crowns, and here they burn with his Body his Guarderobe, Jewels, and in a word all that was destined for his use, besides Living Creatures; There are also 3 of his Domesticks, viz. a Counsellor, a Priest, and a Concubine, who having devoted themselves wholly to his Soul, sacrifice their Lives as soon as he ceases to live; they have the liberty to chuse what kind of death they are pleased to die, and are generally beheaded; Besides them there are others who freely sacrifice their Lives to accompany their Prince into the other World. As to their Religion, there are 3 Sects, viz. the Learned, who adore a First Being, which they call Soiax Ti: The Nobility and Common Sort who sacrifice to a good and bad Spirit; and the Bronzes, which are right Idolaters. The Tartars also have Priests who wear a Paper Mitre, but for the most part go bare Headed and bare Foot too, and there are some Convents for Tartar Women, built upon Mountains of very difficult access. The Christian Religion too is permitted here, and one may see in all the Churches the Kings Proclamation, that approves and gives both the Tartars and Chinoises full liberty to embrace it if they please. The Learned of the Country agree well enough with the Missioners, and none but the Bronzes endeavour to maintain their old superstition. The Chinoeses make no Wine, though the Country produces excellent Grapes, their ordinary Drink is The and Wine of Rice, which I suppose they distil from the Grain; This is of an Amber colour, has a very delicate taste, and there is some which is as good as any Spanish. All their Vessels are of Porcelaine, and these the Subjects have common with the King. This Prince formerly in Publick Audiences was seated upon a Magnificent Throne, but now the Tartar King on such Occasions is placed on a Carper on the Ground. The Chinoises count 22 Families of Emperors of that Monarchy, which they say is of 4635 years standing. The Voyage to it by Sea is both long and dangerous, which made Nik••sa a Muscovit, to seek a way by Land from Moskow to Pekin; and here follows the Account he gives us of his success, and the way he took. From Moskow one may go to Vologda, and thence to Perma-Velik in Permia, hence to Solkamskot in the Province of Siberia, then to Wischiturgium, a Fortress by which one must pass to shun the great Mountains and Rocks, that lie in the direct Road, thence to Toboul Capital of Siberia, thence up the River Oby for 3 weeks together to Surgut the Residence of one of the Great Dukes Vaivodes. This Country is all inhabited by an Idolatrous sort of People called Ostiaski. Hence-forward still upon the same River Oby to Klarem, the Residence of another Vaivode, all this Country is Woody, the Inhabitants Ostiaski; at Klarem you quit the River Oby for that of Kieta, upon which in 5 weeks time you come to Makouskichoroda, a Country also inhabited by Ostiaski; Here you leave your Boats, and go by Land to Jenisca, a Town situated upon a River of the same name; here is a Vaivode, the People Idolaters, but called Tongusi; After 3 days Voyage on the River Jenisca, you enter into that of Tongusi, upon which in 3 weeks time you come to Ilimsko, the Residence of a Vaivode, the People hereabouts are Tongusi and Ostiaski both; hence by the River Ilima you descend to the River Len, where the Inhabitants are called Jakuts, and are Idolaters; leaving this River you enter into another, upon which is the Town Inkustaake, the Residence of a Vaivode; hence to Bratska, where lives another Vaivode, the People hereabouts are called Bratsk, and resemble the Kalmoucs; from Bratska you mount to Irkutsk by the River Angara in 15 days; thence upon the same River still to the Lake Bakala, whence in 3 weeks you may go by the River Selega to Selenginsk, the Confines of Muscovy that divide it from Mongoul, where the People are Idolaters, and have their Kam; Hence you go through Wood to Jaravana, then to Talembi, and to Na•oninske, the Residence of a Vaivode sent from Moskow; Hence in 9 days by the Rivers Schilka and Amor you come to the Town of Albasin, where the Country begins to be a little hottor; This Albasin is the last Town of Muscovy, where crossing the River Amor you come to the Country of the Bogdoisk; hence in a months time, crossing the Mongoul, you come to Pekin, Capital of China. This way has appeared so better than going by the long Sea, that some Jesuits have of late gone to Moskow to take that way to China.

	Chines, Idols of the Chinois built in Pyramidale form, and curiously wrought; In which, some say, there are a kind of white Ants that lie hid in their little dwellings made in form of Oratories. The Pagans stand in such fear of these Chines, that when they buy a Slave they carry him before them, and after they have offered Rice and other things according to their superstition, they beg of the Idol, that if the Slave run away, he might be devoured by Tygers and Lyons; which keeps the poor Wretches so to their Business, that they never go away, tho' cruelly misused. There is one of these Piramides without the Walls of the Town of Fochieu in the Province of Fokien, that is 9 Stories high, its figure is Octogone or of 8 sides, and its breadth according to its elevation; The Walls are laid with the finest Porcelaine, and adorn'd with several other Imbellishments; at every little Story is a Marble supporter with imboss'd Stone-work, and an Iron Balastrade all gilt with Gold, round each Balastrade, especially that at top of the Work are a great number of several sorts of little Bells hanging in the Air, which being agitated by the Wind make a kind of pleasant Harmony, and upon the point of the Pyramid is a Brass Idol gilt with Gold, which presides over the Stucture. Kircher. M. Parl.		Chines, Idols of the Chinois built in Pyramidale form, and curiously wrought; In which, some say, there are a kind of white Ants that lie hid in their little dwellings made in form of Oratories. The Pagans stand in such fear of these Chines, that when they buy a Slave they carry him before them, and after they have offered Rice and other things according to their superstition, they beg of the Idol, that if the Slave run away, he might be devoured by Tygers and Lyons; which keeps the poor Wretches so to their Business, that they never go away, tho' cruelly misused. There is one of these Piramides without the Walls of the Town of Fochieu in the Province of Fokien, that is 9 Stories high, its figure is Octogone or of 8 sides, and its breadth according to its elevation; The Walls are laid with the finest Porcelaine, and adorn'd with several other Imbellishments; at every little Story is a Marble supporter with imboss'd Stone-work, and an Iron Balastrade all gilt with Gold, round each Balastrade, especially that at top of the Work are a great number of several sorts of little Bells hanging in the Air, which being agitated by the Wind make a kind of pleasant Harmony, and upon the point of the Pyramid is a Brass Idol gilt with Gold, which presides over the Stucture. Kircher. M. Parl.

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	Capax, in the Order of Malta is a Name given to the Knights that have resided five years at Malta, and have made four Caravans, and are in a condition of coming to a Command.		Capax, in the Order of Malta is a Name given to the Knights that have resided five years at Malta, and have made four Caravans, and are in a condition of coming to a Command.

		⚫	Cape of Good Hope, a Promontory at the Point of the Coast of Cafres in Africa. The Hollanders have a Fort near this Cape with five Bastions, and about 100 Houses for Inhabitants within Musket Shot of the Fort: These Houses are as clean within, and on the out side, as any in Holland are; The most part of the Inhabitants are Catholicks, though they have not the liberty of their Religion. The Situation is Pleasant, and the Climate very Temperate: Their Spring begins in October, their Summer in January; their Autumn in April, and their Winter in July. Their Summer is extream Hot, but there are Breezes that cool the Air. The Holland East India Company have a very Beautiful Garden here, where are to be seen in four different Plots, or great Beds, the most rare Trees and Plants of the Four Parts of the World: Beyond a Neighbouring Mountain, which is full of great Monkeys, is a Plain 10 Leagues long, where the Hollanders have built other Towns. The Ground is very good, and bears plenty of Corn, and all other Things. The Natives seem very Cunning, but have no great Wit; They go Naked, wearing only a Skin upon their Backs, and another before to hide their Nakedness. Their ordinary Food is Butter and Milk, and a Root that tastes like a Nut, which they Eat instead of Bread. They are their own Physitians and Chirurgions, making use of the Simples they know to Cure their Distempers and Wounds. The greatest Lords among 'em are they that have most Cattle, which they keep themselves. These People are divided into divers Nations, who have all the same way of living. Each Nation has its Hereditary Captain or Leader, to whom they shew great Respect. The Right of Inheritance belongs to the Eldest, who are served by the Younger Brothers, who do not share at all in the Inheritance. Their Cloaths are Sheep Skins with their Wool on, dress'd with Cow-Dung, and a kind of Grease that renders it insupportable to the Sight and Smell. They have no Knowledge of the Creation of the World, yet they Adore GOD, to whom they Sacrifice, sometimes to obtain Rain, at other times for fair Weather, according as they have occasion, for they expect no other Life after this. But withal this they have some Good Qualities, for they punish Adultery and Theft as Capital Crimes. The chiefest of them are the Songuas, which the Europeans call Hotentots, perhaps, because their People have always that Word in their Mouth when they meet with any Strangers they live towards the Southern and Eastern Coasts; and being nimble, strong, bold, and more expert than the rest in handling of Arms; They are hired by them for Soldiers, so that besides them of their own Country, every Commander has some Sonchas to serve under him. They are much given to Hunting, and are very good at killing of Elephants, Unicorns, Elks, Deers, Wild Goats, Dogs, and other wild Beasts, which are in great numbers about the Cape; for being persuaded that there is no other Life besides this, they endeavour to give themselves all the Pleasures it can afford. To hear them Speak, even when they serve the Hollanders for a little Bread, Tobacco, or Brandy, you would think they look upon them as Slaves that come to Till their Ground with a great deal of Pains, instead of diverting themselves by Hunting, as they do: Yet notwithstanding this their great Opinion of themselves they are very miserable, nasty to that Excess, that one might well think they make it their Business to render themselves Frightful: When they have a mind to Dress themselves to advantage, they besmear their Faces and Hands with the Soot of their Pots, or with a black kind of Grease, which renders 'em hideous, and of an insufferable Smell; They also Grease their Hair with the same, and hang pieces of Leather and Glass on the nasty Locks: The greatest Men amongst them wear Ivory Rings above and below their Elbows. The Women, besides this Dress, wear pieces of Skins, or Guts, twisted round their Legs; and make themselves Bracelets and Girdles of Bones of different Colours. When a Woman looses her first Husband, she must cut off so many Joints of her Fingers, beginning with the little Finger, as she Marries other Husbands. The Men cut one of their Stones in their Youth, thinking that that will make them more active. Their Cabins are made of Branches of Trees, covered with Skins and Mats, in form of Tents. The Second Nation of the Inhabitants of the Cape are the Namaquas, towards the Western Coasts; They have the Reputation of being Warriours, and powerful in their Country, though their greatest Army hardly surpass 2000 Fighting Men: These for the most part are of good Stature and Robust, and do not want Wit; Laugh seldom, and Speak but little. The Third Nation is that of the Ubiquas, who are in the middle of the Land, and made Profession of Robbing and Stealing; for though they cannot raise 500 Men, yet it is not easie to suppress them, because they retire to inaccessible Mountains and Fastnesses. The Gouriguas live near the Eastern Coasts, towards the North, and have no great space of Land. The Gassiguas, who live about the Mouth of the River without end, are rich and powerful, but are unskilful Warriours. The Giriguas, on the contrary, who live towards the Western Coasts, are very expert in War. The Seventh Nation is that of the Sousiquas, who live nearest the Cape, and are Allied to the Odiques. In a Voyage that the Governor of the Cape of Good Hope made in 1685. along the Western Coast, he discovered some different Nations about the 28th Degree of Latitude, in a pleasant Country, abounding with all kind of Fruit and Beasts. These People are much more tractable than the others; They are well made, and strong of Body, and wear their Hairs so very long, that it covers all their Shoulders. Their Arms are a Bow and Arrows, with a Zaguage, or long Dart. Their Apparel is a Cloak of Tyger Skins, which hangs to their Heels, and amongst them are some as white as the Europeans, but they make themselves black with Grease, and the Powder of a black Stone, which they rub over all their Body. Some of them are very skilful in Minerals, which they understand to Melt and Prepare, but put no great value upon them, because they have a great number of Gold and Silver Mines in their Country. The Women are naturally very white, but to please their Husbands they black themselves like them; They that are Married have the top of the Head Shaved, and pointed Shells hanging at their Ears. The Governor of the Cape had Trumpets, Hautboys, and five or six Violins along with him; When these People heard the Sound of those Instruments, they came in great numbers, and sent for their own Musick, which consisted of Thirty Persons, who had for the most part different Instruments; he that was in the middle had a Musical Horn, and the rest Flagelets and Flutes. This Symphony was accompanied with Dancing and Leaping; whilst the Musick Master beat the Measure, and shew'd to keep Time, with a great Stick that could be seen by all. See Cafres. P. Tachard.
	Cape of Good Hope, a Promontory at the Point of the Coast of Cafres in Africa. The Hollanders have a Fort near this Cape with five Bastions, and about 100 Houses for Inhabitants within Musket Shot of the Fort: These Houses are as clean within, and on the out side, as any in Holland are; The most part of the Inhabitants are Catholicks, though they have not the liberty of their Religion. The Situation is Pleasant, and the Climate very Temperate: Their Spring begins in October, their Summer in January; their Autumn in April, and their Winter in July. Their Summer is extream Hot, but there are Breezes that cool the Air. The Holland East India Company have a very Beautiful Garden here, where are to be seen in four different Plots, or great Beds, the most rare Trees and Plants of the Four Parts of the World: Beyond a Neighbouring Mountain, which is full of great Monkeys, is a Plain 10 Leagues long, where the Hollanders have built other Towns. The Ground is very good, and bears plenty of Corn, and all other Things. The Natives seem very Cunning, but have no great Wit; They go Naked, wearing only a Skin upon their Backs, and another before to hide their Nakedness. Their ordinary Food is Butter and Milk, and a Root that tastes like a Nut, which they Eat instead of Bread. They

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⚫	are their own Physitians and Chirurgions, making use of the Simples they know to Cure their Distempers and Wounds. The greatest Lords among 'em are they that have most Cattle, which they keep themselves. These People are divided into divers Nations, who have all the same way of living. Each Nation has its Hereditary Captain or Leader, to whom they shew great Respect. The Right of Inheritance belongs to the Eldest, who are served by the Younger Brothers, who do not share at all in the Inheritance. Their Cloaths are Sheep Skins with their Wool on, dress'd with Cow-Dung, and a kind of Grease that renders it insupportable to the Sight and Smell. They have no Knowledge of the Creation of the World, yet they Adore GOD, to whom they Sacrifice, sometimes to obtain Rain, at other times for fair Weather, according as they have occasion, for they expect no other Life after this. But withal this they have some Good Qualities, for they punish Adultery and Theft as Capital Crimes. The chiefest of them are the Songuas, which the Europeans call Hotentots, perhaps, because their People have always that Word in their Mouth when they meet with any Strangers they live towards the Southern and Eastern Coasts; and being nimble, strong, bold, and more expert than the rest in handling of Arms; They are hired by them for Soldiers, so that besides them of their own Country, every Commander has some Sonchas to serve under him. They are much given to Hunting, and are very good at killing of Elephants, Unicorns, Elks, Deers, Wild Goats, Dogs, and other wild Beasts, which are in great numbers about the Cape; for being persuaded that there is no other Life besides this, they endeavour to give themselves all the Pleasures it can afford. To hear them Speak, even when they serve the Hollanders for a little Bread, Tobacco, or Brandy, you would think they look upon them as Slaves that come to Till their Ground with a great deal of Pains, instead of diverting themselves by Hunting, as they do: Yet notwithstanding this their great Opinion of themselves they are very miserable, nasty to that Excess, that one might well think they make it their Business to render themselves Frightful: When they have a mind to Dress themselves to advantage, they besmear their Faces and Hands with the Soot of their Pots, or with a black kind of Grease, which renders 'em hideous, and of an insufferable Smell; They also Grease their Hair with the same, and hang pieces of Leather and Glass on the nasty Locks: The greatest Men amongst them wear Ivory Rings above and below their Elbows. The Women, besides this Dress, wear pieces of Skins, or Guts, twisted round their Legs; and make themselves Bracelets and Girdles of Bones of different Colours. When a Woman looses her first Husband, she must cut off so many Joints of her Fingers, beginning with the little Finger, as she Marries other Husbands. The Men cut one of their Stones in their Youth, thinking that that will make them more active. Their Cabins are made of Branches of Trees, covered with Skins and Mats, in form of Tents. The Second Nation of the Inhabitants of the Cape are the Namaquas, towards the Western Coasts; They have the Reputation of being Warriours, and powerful in their Country, though their greatest Army hardly surpass 2000 Fighting Men: These for the most part are of good Stature and Robust, and do not want Wit; Laugh seldom, and Speak but little. The Third Nation is that of the Ubiquas, who are in the middle of the Land, and made Profession of Robbing and Stealing; for though they cannot raise 500 Men, yet it is not easie to suppress them, because they retire to inaccessible Mountains and Fastnesses. The Gouriguas live near the Eastern Coasts, towards the North, and have no great space of Land. The Gassiguas, who live about the Mouth of the River without end, are rich and powerful, but are unskilful Warriours. The Giriguas, on the contrary, who live towards the Western Coasts, are very expert in War. The Seventh Nation is that of the Sousiquas, who live nearest the Cape, and are Allied to the Odiques. In a Voyage that the Governor of the Cape of Good Hope made in 1685. along the Western Coast, he discovered some different Nations about the 28th Degree of Latitude, in a pleasant Country, abounding with all kind of Fruit and Beasts. These People are much more tractable than the others; They are well made, and strong of Body, and wear their Hairs so very long, that it covers all their Shoulders. Their Arms are a Bow and Arrows, with a Zaguage, or long Dart. Their Apparel is a Cloak of Tyger Skins, which hangs to their Heels, and amongst them are some as white as the Europeans, but they make themselves black with Grease, and the Powder of a black Stone, which they rub over all their Body. Some of them are very skilful in Minerals, which they understand to Melt and Prepare, but put no great value upon them, because they have a great number of Gold and Silver Mines in their Country. The Women are naturally very white, but to please their Husbands they black themselves like them; They that are Married have the top of the Head Shaved, and pointed Shells hanging at their Ears. The Governor of the Cape had Trumpets, Hautboys, and five or six Violins along with him; When these People heard the Sound of those Instruments, they came in great numbers, and sent for their own Musick, which consisted of Thirty Persons, who had for the most part different Instruments; he that was in the middle had a Musical Horn, and the rest Flagelets and Flutes. This Symphony was accompanied with Dancing and Leaping; whilst the Musick Master beat the Measure, and shew'd to keep Time, with a great Stick that could be seen by all. See Cafres. P. Tachard.

	Cape de Non, a Promontory upon the Coasts of the Province of Sus, in the Kingdom of Marocco. It was called so, as if one said Cape de non ultra, because 300 years ago it was thought there was no Land beyond it to the Westward.		Cape de Non, a Promontory upon the Coasts of the Province of Sus, in the Kingdom of Marocco. It was called so, as if one said Cape de non ultra, because 300 years ago it was thought there was no Land beyond it to the Westward.

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Admin: Created page with "of Bacchus's Birth, the manner of his Education; the Coun∣try where, and the Persons that had the care of his bringing up, are to be seen all at length in the 4th Book of Diodorus of Sicily, where also is the Description of his Exploits and Memorable Actions, and of the Ceremonies of his Feast and Triumphs. Diod. Sicul. Baccius or Baccio (Andrew) an able Physician in the 16th Century, Author of several good Books, 1. De Thermis, 2. De Naturali ninorum Historia, 3. De..."

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Created page with "of Bacchus's Birth, the manner of his Education; the Coun∣try where, and the Persons that had the care of his bringing up, are to be seen all at length in the 4th Book of Diodorus of Sicily, where also is the Description of his Exploits and Memorable Actions, and of the Ceremonies of his Feast and Triumphs. Diod. Sicul. Baccius or Baccio (Andrew) an able Physician in the 16th Century, Author of several good Books, 1. De Thermis, 2. De Naturali ninorum Historia, 3. De..."

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