The Spanish Netherlands

Maps

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  1701 A system of geography by Herman Moll - Spanish Netherlands.jpg 1701 A system of geography by Herman Moll - The Spanish Netherlands

Sources from old books

1695. Thesaurus geographicus a new body of geography by Abel Swall and Tim. Child.

THE SPANISH NETHERLANDS

THE ancient Name of these Countries was Belgium, whether from an old Dutch word Balgen to Fight, or from the City Belgium, which some say was Bavay in Hainault. others Beauvais in Picardy, is left undecided, several Writers pleading hard for both. It was also reckon'd part of Germany, and call'd Inferior, for the same reason as now Low Countries and Netherlands, viz. from their low situation: And indeed so very low are the Maritime Provinces, that the Grounds are in many places even lower than the Surface of the neighbouring Sea, which the Inhabitants confine and secure their Lands from, by strong Banks, made with great Labour and Ingenuity, and maintained at as great Expence. They were also called Flanders, because that Province formerly was the Great Mart of Europe, and resorted to by all Nations for Traffick; and therefore because all these Provinces were subject to the same Lord, the particular name of this chief One, was, by Strangers, made to intimate the Whole; and for the same reason, since the Erection of the Republick of the Confederate Provinces, Holland being the principal of them, its name serves to denote, in general, the Countries of the Confederate States.

Its ancient Bounds were very large, for not only all the present Netherlands, but the parts of France next them, as Picardy, Champaign, &c. and (according to some Authors) Lorrain, Berg, Juliers, Cleeve, together with the Bishopricks of Mentz, Colen, and Triers, were all included in the general name of Belgium. The present Limits are the British Ocean on the North, the same Ocean and Picardy on the West, the rest of Picardy with Champaign and Lorrain on the South, and the Bishoprick of Triers, the Duchies of Juliers and Cleeve, the Bishoprick of Munster and the County of Emden or East-Frizeland on the East: The whole Country, according to Guicciardine, is one Thousand Italian miles in Circumference.

It is situated between the 49 Deg. 20. Min. and the 53 Deg. 30 Min. of Latitude, and between the 20 Deg. and 24 Deg. 30 Min. of Longitude.

The chief RIVERS are these, 1. The Rhine, which rises in the Country of the Grisons, and after it hath passed through Germany, entereth into these Countries at Schenkenschans on the Borders of Gelderland, at which place it is divided into two Chanels, whereof that which retains its name, runs by Arnhem and Wageninge in Guelderland, and Rheenen in Ʋtrecht to Duester de Wyck, where it meets and mixes with the Leck, a small Chanel only that runs toward Ʋtrecht bearing the name of the Rhine, which passing on from Ʋtrecht runs by Worden and Leyden, not far from which last place it is lost in the Sandhills, the mouth by which it formerly run into the Sea, having been choak'd up. 2. The Leck, which receives the Waters of the Rhine at Duester de Wyck, runs by Culenborch, Viannen, Schoonhoven, and at the Village Crimpen falls into the Meruwe, which falls into the Maes not far above Rorterdam. 3. The Waal, which is the other Branch of the Rhine, beginning at Schenkenschans, flows by Nimmeguen, Tiel, and Bommel, to Worcum, where it is joyn'd with the Maes, and passing by Gorcum receives the Lingre, and takes the name of Meruwe, otherwise called the new Ma•s, which passing by Dort receives the Leck above-mentioned, and the smaller Issel, and flows in a broad Stream to Rotterdam, where it loses all other names and is called the Maes. 4. The Maes, called also Mose and Meuse, rises in Mount Vogesus in Burgundy, and passing by Verdim and Charleville flows to Namur, where it receives the Sambre; thence passes by Liege, Maestricht, Venlo, and Grave, to Worcum, mixes with the Waal as abovesaid, and both togethe• run to Dort, where the Stream is divided and makes an Island; but are again united a little below Vlaerdigen, and falls into the Ocean at the Briel. 5. The Schelde, called in French l'Escaut, hath its source in Picardy and runs by Cambray, Valenciennes and Oudenarde, to Ghent, whence turning Eastward it passes by Oudenarde, and at Rupelmonde receives the Demer, besides many other smaller Rivers in its passage, and then flows Northward to Antwerp, where it makes a very capacious Harbour; and a few leagues below divides its self into two large Branches, one whereof call'd the Wester Scheld or the Hont, passes betwixt Flanders and Zealand, and falls into the Sea at F•ushing; the other is called Ooster Scheld, and runs out of the main Stream at Santvliet, passing by Bergen op Zoom, and between Tolen and South Beveland, and thence by the Shoar of the Island Schouwen falls into the Sea with a violent Current. 6. The Issel, from whence the Province lying beyond it is called Ov•rissel, springs in Westphalia, and running through •••phen passes to Doesburgh, where it is exceedingly ••gmented by a Chanel cut from the Rhine, by the ••der of Drusus Nero, and thence in a great Stream •ows by Deventer to Campeu, parting the Provinces of G•lde•land and Overisse• and falls into the Zuyder Sea.

There is another small River nam'd the Issel, which comes out of the Leck near Vianen, and running towards •ot•erdam falls into the Maes. Many other Rivers water these Countries, as the Sambre, Lys, Aa, Demer, Scarp, Nethe, Dele, Sinne, Dendre, Roer, &c. the course whereof the Reader will discover in the following description of the Country.

There can be very little said of the MOUNTAINS of these Countries, for except some few rising Grounds in those parts lying towards Germany, there is no Hill to be seen: On the contrary, all those Provinces towards the Sea lie so very low, that large parts of them have been many times overflow'd by the Eruptions of the Sea, notwithstanding the strong Banks that the Inhabitants maintain almost all along the Coasts of Groninghen, Friesland, North Holland, Zealand, &c.

These Countries were formerly very desolate, and for want of Cultivating, the Grounds were either turn'd to Marshes or over-run with FOREST; of which last that of Ardenne is mentioned by Caesaer as the largest in Belgium, and was indeed of vast Extent; for according to Cluverius, it reached from Coblentz in the Bishoprick of Trier, as far as the farthest Borders of Artois, which is 220 miles; and in breadth, to the Sea-shore and the River Waal, near 150 miles. There are still large Remains of it on the Borders of Luxemburgh, and in the Bishoprick of Liege, as also about Mentz, Triers, Worms, &c. Many other large Forests are found here, as the Forests and Woods of Soigny and Meerdaie in Brabant; Niep in Flanders; Podsberg, Faigne, Mormaut, and S. Amand in Haynault; with many others which are mentioned by Guicciardin to be very large, but have been retrench'd since his time by the consumption of the Wood for Fuel, and the Industry of the Inhabitants in Cultivating the Land.

The AIR is reckon'd wholsome enough, but is subject to very thick Fogs in Winter, through the moistness of the Country, which would be very Noxious if it were not for the dry Easterly Winds, which blowing off a long Continent for two or three Months every Year, clear the Air, and cause very sharp Frosts during the Months of January, February, and March, by which means the Ports, Rivers, and Canals, are almost always shut up with Ice during those Months.

The SOIL is generally Fertil; but because different in the several parts, the Reader is referr'd to the particular Accounts of the Productions of each Province, in the following Description of them.

The COMMODITIES of these Countries are their Manufactures, for their Productions are very few: Of these, from the Spanish Netherlands comes Linnen-Cloth, Tapestries, Worsted-Stuffs, Chamlets, wrought Silks, Lace, &c. and from Holland (besides most of the same Manufactures) they export all sorts of East-India Goods, Fish, and the Commodities of Germany, as Rhenish Wines, &c.

Concerning the INHABITANTS, Caesar, in the beginning of his Comentaries, says,—Horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae, &c.

That they were the most Valiant of all the Gauls, partly because they were far distant and unacquainted with the Civility of the Roman Provinces, and very little visited by Merchants, who import such things as serve to effeminate the minds of Men; but chiefly, because by their Neighbourhood to the Germans, they were at continual Wars with them.

Many other Authors speak of the Martial temper of these People, which their long and obstinate War with the Spaniards in the last Age, is a sufficient proof of. But their Industry is more conspicuous by the vast Traffick they have for many Ages past maintain'd with all Nations of Europe, and more remote parts of the World: Their Ingenuity hath also appear'd in the Invention of many useful Arts; such as the making of Tapestry, call'd Arras, from that City where it was invented; the making of Cloth and Worsted-Stuffs, which we learn'd of the Flemings; and the Perfection if not Invention, of the Mariner's Compass, is by many Authors attributed to them: Many other ingenious and curious Arts acknowledge the Netherlanders for their In•enters. To omit that of Printing, which Haerlem puts in a good Claim to, but is oppos'd in it by Mentz in Germany. But notwithstanding these Inventions and the Ingenuity of many particular Men among them, it must be allow'd in general, That they are Industrious rather than Ingenious. They will persevere and plod on in a Road through many Difficulties, but their Apprehensions are dull, and they are not easily perswaded to leave their old way, tho, a new one be apparently more convenient. They are much addicted to Drunkenness, but are not very delicate in their Food. Their Habits and Houses are exceeding Neat and Cleanly, especially the later, to Superstition.

The Dutch TONGUE is a Dialect of the German, but with many French and Latin words intermix'd: It is a harsh, clownish and unpleasant Speech, and hath nothing that can recommend it to Strangers. In the French Flanders, Hainault and Luxemburg, the French Language is generally understood, and that call'd Walloon, which is a corruption of French with Dutch, is usually spoken there. Persons of the best Rank all over the Netherlands, understand and speak French, as do also many of the common People.

The RELIGION of these Countries in general was that of the Roman Church, before the Reformation, which prevailing here, the King of Spain, about the year 1566, set up the Inquisition, and gave Orders for the punishing even to Death all those whom the Church of Rome declar'd Hereticks, which gave great discontent to the People, and was the first occasion of the Disturbance and bloody War, which ended in the total alienation of seven of the Provinces: At present the Romish Religion only is profess'd in the Spanish Provinces; and in Holland that of Calvin is predominant, but with Toleration of all others.

The convenient situation of Flanders in the midway between France, Spain and Portugal on one side, and Denmark, Sweeden and the Hans Towns on the other, together with Germany behind and England before it, may be esteem'd the chief reason of the vast TRADE that was some Ages since establish'd there; which was so great, that this Province might be accounted the grand Market-place of Europe: For in its City of Bruges the Merchants of all Nations had their Factories, and great Magazines to lodge the native Products of their respective Countries, which they here sold and exchang'd for those of other places. Of these Houses or Colleges there were no less than 17 belonging to these several Nations, viz. England Scotland, France, Castile, Portugal, Navar, Aragon, Catalonia, Biscay, the Hans Tows, the Cities of Venice, Florence, Genoa, Lucca, Milan, &c. In which State the Trade continued at Bruges for many years, till about 1480. it began to decline and remove to Antwerp, partly because the Port of Sluys and the River from thence, was narrow and inconvenient; and partly because of a War that disturb'd the Country hereabouts; whereas, on the contrary the River Schelde which leads to Antwerp, was large and commodious, and many Gentlemen upon occasion of the Wars between the King of France ••d the Emperor Charles V. having quitted the Vill•••s and smaller Towns, retir'd with their Effects to Antwerp, built fine Houses there, and by their constant Residence, very much improv'd that City; but chiefly, because at Antwerp in 1503. the Portuguese fixed their Staple for the Spices and other Commodities of the East-Indies, which they brought from their new Conquest of Calicut; These and other Causes, drew the Merchants thither, and made it a place of the greatest Trade of Europe, of which the Reader will find a more particular Account in our description of that City. But it lasted not there above 50 years; for the Civil War causing great Disorders, Antwerp was twice Plunder'd, and almost quite burnt down, and the Dutch Common-wealth being Masters of Zeeland, were able to stop the Passage of the Schelde, and impose what Duties they pleased upon the Ships passing to Antwerp, by which they made them put into their Ports; and besides the English and Dutch having found the way to the East-Indies, supplanted the Portuguese, and furnish'd Europe with the Commodities of those Countries: By all which means the Current of Trade was quite alter'd, and translated to London and Amsterdam, which are, at present, the two great Empories of Europe. And the Traffick of Flanders is now not considerable, except for their own Manufactures, which we have already mention'd.

Of the ancient State of the Netherlands in General.

THE greatest part of Belgium was Conquer'd by the Romans, and that part of it that lyes toward Gaul, continu'd under their Subjection till the declination of that Empire; after which the Franks were Masters of it, and in the French Monarchy it was part of their Kingdom of Metz, or Austrasia. The Division of it into so many States, is deriv'd from the Earls of Ardenne, the Origine of whom was from the Sons of Clodion King of France, who being kept out of the Succession to that Kingdom, by Meroveus (as we have already shewn in our Account of the Kings of France) were forc'd, for their Safety to betake themselves to the most defensible places of the Forest of Ardenne, and the Countries on the Banks of the Moselle, where they founded the two great Earldoms from thence denominated. That of Moselle belongs to Germany, and therefore shall not be treated on here: This of Ardenne comprehended part of Flanders and Brabant, all Hainault, Namur, Limburg and Luxemburg, together with the Dukedom of Bouillon, formerly a very large Country, containing the Bishoprick of Liege, &c. These large Estates continu'd peaceably under the Earls of Ardenne for some time, till being grown powerful and great, they became the Envy of their Neighbours, and were therefore set upon by Dagobert King of Metz, and Son to Clotair II. King of France, who in Battle overcame and slew Brunulph Earl of Ardenne, and seized his Country, giving only Hainault to Albert his Son: Dagobert succeeding his Father in the Kingdom of France, A. 628. gave away part of this Country; but the gross of it still bore the Title, and remain'd for a long time a very considerable Estate.

About 940. Luxemburg and Limburg were parted off, and given to two of the younger Sons of Ricuine Earl of Ardenne; and about 980 Namur was erected into an Earldom. The rest was afterwards carried into the House of Lorrain by a Marriage, and remained there for a long time. Thus we have shewn the Origine of the Earldoms of Hainault and Namur, and the Dutchies of Luxemburg and Limburg.

Part of Brabant, as we have said, was included in the Earldom of Ardenne; the other part being that toward the Sea, was very much infested, and even almost depopulated by the Depredations of the Danes and Normans; wherefore, to guard the Coast and protect the Inhabitants, a certain Officer was appointed, call'd Lord Warden of the Marches; which Title they continu'd, till Ʋtilo Nephew of Aldiagerius, King of the Boiarians, having shewn great Courage against those Pirates, was honour'd with the Title of Lord Marquis of Antwerp, whose Descendant Ansegistus, was Mayor of the Palace in France, and made Duke of Brabant, and his great Grandson Pepin obtaining the Crown of France, this Dutchy was made a Province of that Kingdom, and afterwards a Member of the Kingdom of Lorrain. About 980, the Cities and Territories of Brussels, Lovaine, Antwerp and Nivelle, were taken out of it and made a new Estate, with the Title of The Marquisate of the Holy Empire, by the Emperor Otho II. and bestowed upon his Aunt, whose Grand-daughter Gerburg succeeding her, convey'd it by Marriage to Lambert Son of Reyner Earl of Hainault, who had the Title of Earl of Lovain, and was succeeded in it by his Family, of whom Godfrey VII. Earl of Lovain, Conquer'd the rest of the Country, and was created Duke of Brabant.

Flanders was a wild, waste Country, the Sea-coasts infested by the Danish Pirates, and the other parts but meanly Cultivated, till it was Conquer'd by the French Kings, who soon after the Establishment of the Monarchy, appointed a certain Officer with the Title of Forester of Flanders, to repress the Robbers that infested the woody Parts and Sea-Coasts, and by Government and Protection civilize the People and encourage them to Industry. This Office continued for several Descents, and was at length changed into the Title of a Count or Earl, about the year 864, by Charles the Bald, Emperor and King of France, in favour of Baldwin the seventh Forester, who had Married his Sister.

Artois was included in the Earldom of Flanders till 1234. when Robert the Grandson of Philip Augustus, King of France, and Husband to Isabel Daughter to Baldwin VIII. Earl of Flanders, was made Earl of it.

Guelderland was part of the French Kingdom of Austrasia, and with that became part of the Empire of Germany; and, as such, was govern'd by certain Guardians or Protectors, (first instituted in the Reign of Charles the Bald, of whom Otho of Nassaw was the first free Prince. and created Earl by the Emperor Henry V. A. D. 1079. whose Descendant Rainold II. was in 1339, made Duke of Guelderland.

Zutphen was a separate Earldom for many years, till united to Guelderland by the Marriage of Sophia, Daughter of Wickman the last Earl, to Otho of Nassaw above-mention'd.

Holland and Zeeland, a rude unpeopl'd Country, being much disturb'd by the Norman Pyracies, was first made an Earldom by the Emperor Lewis II. about the year 863, and given to Thierry, in whose Line the Succession continu'd till the Death of John about the year 1300, who leaving no Issue, was succeeded by John of Avesnes Earl of Hainault, Son of Alcide, the Daughter of Florence IV. Earl of Holland.

Friezland is but part of the Country of the anc•ent Fris•i, some part of Ʋtrecht and Overysel, as well as East-Friezland in Germany, being Inhabited by those People, who were Govern'd by their own Kings, till the Emperor Charlemaign Conquer'd them and this part; now one of these Provinces became part of the Dutchy of Guelderland, and afterwards a distinct Barony.

Overyssel and Groninghen, was part of the Episcopal See of Ʋtrecht, first Founded by Dagobert King of France, in favour of Willibald an English-man, the Converter of these parts to Christianity, whose Successors were Temporal as well as Spiritual Lords, for 900 years, and were very powerful Princes, but often attack'd by the Earls of Holland and Dukes of Guelderland, which last got from them the Lordship of Groninghen; and in the end so distressed Henry Bishop of Ʋtrecht, that by reason of that and civil Dissentitions, he chose to surrender his Temporalities to the Emperor Charles V. A. D. 1527, who divided it into the two Provinces of Ʋtrecht and Overyssel.

How these Provinces became Ʋnited in the House of Burgundy, will be seen by this Table.

• ARTOIS, Robert II. Earl, left Issue one Daughter named Maud, who was Married to
• FEANDERS, Lewis de Malaine Earl, Married
• HAINAULT, John de Avesnes, Earl, Married Aleide, Heiress of the Earl of Holland.
• HOLLAND, Jaqueline, Daughter and Heiress of William VI. Earl of Hainault, Holland and Zeeland, surrendred her Estates to Philip the Good.

• LIMBURG, Adolph Heir to Henry last Duke, sold it to Henry Duke of Brabant, A. 1293.
• BRABANT, The Marquisate of the Empire or Territory of Antwerp and the Lordship of Machlin, together with the Dutchy of Limburg being fallen into this House; upon the death of Philip II. without Issue, descended to Philip the Good. 1430.
• LUXEMBURG, Elizabeth the Niece of Sigismund the last Duke, having no Issue, sold this Dutchy to Philip the Good.
• NAMUR, John VI. sold it to Philip the Good, who was also next Heir to Theodorick, Successor to John, who died without Issue, about 1430.
• GUELDERLAND, with ZUTPHEN and GRONINGEN, Arnold the Duke, being inhumanly treated by his Son, sold his Estates to Charles the Warlike; notwithstanding which, his Son Adolph got possession of them after the death of Charles the Warlike, A. 1473, and left them to his Son Charles, who maintain'd long War with the Duke of Burgundy to defend his Right, but was at length forced to surrender it to Charles V. to be enjoy'd by him after his decease, which happen'd 1538. and Charles accordingly succeeded.
• UTRECHT with OVERYSEL, Henry of Bavaria being distressed through War with the Duke of Guelderland and Rebellion of his own Subjects, surrender'd his Temporalities to Charles V. A. 1527. which was confirm'd by the Pope and the Estates of the Country.

The Family of Burgundy.

• Ortheline Earl of Burgundy, who in that Right succeeded in the Earldom, A. 1302.
• Margaret the Heiress of Burgundy and Artois, 1361.
• Margaret Daughter of Lewis de la Malaine, Earl of
• Flanders, Artois and Burgundy, Married to
• Philip the Hardy, Son of John King of •rance, made also Duke of Burgundy, A. 1363.
• John without Fear, his Son, A. 1404.
• Anthony the Proud, his Son, A. 1404. also made Duke of Brabant by his Mother.
• Philip the Good, their Brother, succeeded John in 1419. and Anthony 1430. and was, in his time, Duke and Earl of Burgundy, Duke of Brabant, Limburg and Luxemburg, Marquis of the Holy Empire, and Earl of Flanders, Haynault, Holland, Zeeland, Artois and Namur.
• Charles the Warlike his Son, succeeded Anno 1467. and added the Dutchy of Guelderland and Zutphen, He was killed in War against the Switzers, 1475. leaving Issue
• Mary Heir to Charles, married Maximilian of Austria, Son of the Emperor Frederick III. and afterwards Emperor himself, succeeded Anno 1482. by
• Philip their Son, who married Joan the Daughter and Heir of Ferdinand and Isabel King and Queen, and first Monarchs of all Spain.
• Charles the Son of Philip and Joan succeeded in the Estates of Burgundy in the Right of his Father, A. 1506. to which he added Ove•ysel and Ʋtrecht; and in the Kingdom of Spain in the Right of his Mother, A. 1516. and was also elected Emperor, being the 5th of that Name, A. D. 1519.
• Charles V. made these Countries a Circle of the Empire, and resigned them, with the Kingdom of Spain, A. 1558. to his Son
• Philip, IV of Burgundy and II of Spain, in whose time happen'd the defection of the seven Provinces, whereof an Account shall be given when we come to speak of those Estates.
• 1599. Philip III. surrender'd these Countries to his Daughter
• Isabella Clara Eugenia, married to Albert Arch-duke of Austria, after whose dea•h, A. 1621. succeeded
• Philip IV. King of Spain; whose Successors will be seen in our Description of Spain.

The Present State of the Spanish Netherlands.

The supream Lord, as hath been said, is the King of Spain, who governs them by a Substitute with the Title of Governour General of the Netherlands, at present enjoy'd by •he Elector of Bavaria, which, by reason of his Relation to that Crown, his Son being presumptive Heir to it (whereof see an Account in the descript on of Bavaria) was in the year, 1692. made Hereditary to him.

The Governour General is assisted by three Councils. viz.

The Council of State; wherein the most weighty Affairs, as Peace and War. •eagues and Alliances, trea•ing with Foreign Ambassadors, &c. are transacted.

The Pr•vy Council; which judges Matters of Right brought before it by Appeal from •he other Courts of Judicature; make Laws and Edicts, determine the Bounds of Provinces, the Right of Lordship, &c. And

The Council of Finances; which hath the Care and Management of the Royal Revenues and all Taxes, and supervising the Accounts of the Receivers. To this Council also belongs the Care of the Fortifications, the adjusting and proportioning the Charge of a War, &c.

But the levying Mony and enacting of new Laws belong to the Convention of the Estates, which is compos'd of the Nobility, principal Clergy and Deputies of the Chief Cities; who, being called by the Governor General assemble at Brussels, not in one Body but by Provinces (the several Provinces retaining still most of the particular Privileges they anciently enjoy'd) where the Prince's desires are propos'd to them, in an obliging and endearing manner (the Spaniard having by fatal Experience found his Error in treating these People with severity) and if they appear unwilling to Grant what he Demands, the most winning Arguments, with all the power of Rhetorick, are used in his Behalf; which is the more necessary, because every City hath a negative Voice, and the dissenting but of one of them spoils the Law.

The settl'd Revenue of the Crown consists in Customs and Imposts, which by reason of the great Loss of Trade and the Encroachments of the King of France upon the Country, do not, by much, answer the Charge of the Government; but the King is oblig'd to send continual Supplies from Spain.

For maintaining the Peace and taking care of the Armies, &c. there is a Governour in every Province appointed by the King, with subjection to the Governour General.

And for administring of Justice, each Province hath a Provost or Bailiff; and over all there is a Grand Provost, who hath great Power in Criminal Matters.

The Bishopricks of the Netherlands, besides those already mention'd under the Archbishoprick of Cambray in the Account of France, are only these, viz.

The Archbishoprick of Machlin, with the

Bishopricks of Antwerp, Gaunt, Bruges, Ypres, Ruremond and Bois le Duc.

And formerly, the Bishoprick of Ʋtrecht, with the Bishopricks of Haerlem, Derventer, Groningen, Leuardin and Middleburg; which being subject to the States General, have been suppress'd.

The Ʋniversities in the Spanish Netherlands. Louvain.

In the United Netherlands.

• Leyden,
• Utrecht,
• Franeker,
• Groeningen,
• Harderwick.

The Accounts in Flanders are kept in Pounds, Schellings and Groots; 12 Groots make a Schelling, 20 Schelling a Pound Flemish.

The common Coins are the Negenmannek, which is the eighth part of a Stuyver. An Oortke, the fourth part of a Stuyver.

The Stuyver; the Schelling 6 Stuyvers; the Guilder 20 Stuyvers.

The Patacoon is two Guilders, and the half Patacoon one Guilder.

The Silver-Crown 2 Guilders and 10 S•uyv•r•, the Rix-Dollar something more.

The Ducatoon 3 Guilders or something more.

The Ten Spanish Provinces are,

The Dutchy of Brabant,	Bruxels, Cap.
The Dutchy of Luxemburg,	Luxemburgh.
The County of Artois,	Arras. Bish.
The County of Flanders,	Gaunt, Bish.
The County of Hainault,	M•ns.
The Country of Cambresis,	Cambr•y, Arch.
The Marquisate of the S. Empire,	Antwerp, Bish.
The Lordship of Malines,	Malines, Arch.
The County of Namur,	Namur, Bish.
The Dutchy of Limburg,	Limburg.
To which may be added,	The Country of Liege.

The King of France hath at several tim•s conquered a great part of these Provinces, which by several Treaties of Peace have been granted to him, whereof we have already given an account in speaking of the Dominions of that King, in the general Account of France.