The Isles of the Sound

Sources from old books

1682. Cosmography and geography in two parts by Richard Blome.

• The ISLES of the SONDE; which may be comprehended under
  • Great ISLES, and particularly called the Isles of the SONDE; and such are those of
    • SUMATRA, with its Kingdoms of
      • Achem,
        • Achem,
        • Daya.
      • Pacem,
        • Pedir,
        • Pacem.
      • Aru,
        • Aru,
        • Bancalis.
      • Baras,
        • Baras,
        • Batham.
      • Camper, — Camper.
      • Guadahyri, — Guadahyri.
      • Priaman,
        • Priaman,
        • Potenban.
      • Menancabo,
        • Menancabo,
        • Batacapas.
      • Jamby,
        • Jamby,
        • Votaboura.
      • Baras,
        • Baros,
        • Palimbam.
    • BORNEO,
      • Borneo,
      • Hormata,
      • Bendarmassin.
    • JAVA, with its Kingdoms or Cities of
      • Bantam,
      • Jacatra,
      • Sura,
      • Japara,
      • Tuban,
      • Jortan,
      • Panarucan,
      • Balambuan,
      • Depresado,
      • Surbaja,
      • Sidajo,
      • Saraboy,
      • Carovang,
      • Materan.
  • Small ISLES; and may be considered as they lie
    • On the Coast of JAVA; among which are those of
      • Madura, — Madura.
      • Baly, — Bali.
      • Pater Noster.
      • Mulusura.
      • Luboc.
      • Graciosa.
      • Sapy.
      • Cariman Java.
      • Selam.
    • On the West, and South-West Coast of SUMATRA; as
      • Engano.
      • Nassau.
      • Good Fortune.
      • Calippes.
      • Nays.
      • Gavia.
      • Oura.
      • Cocos.
    • Between SUMATRA and BORNEO, are those of
      • Pedra.
      • Bruca.
      • Bitam.
      • Linga.
      • Monpin, — Banca.
      • Billeton.
      • Lucubare.
      • Suronton.
    • On the North-West, North, and North-East Coast of BORNEO; and belonging to it are the Isles of
      • Tomveta.
      • Timbolan.
      • Ananiba.
      • Matuma.
      • Tigaon.
      • Tiga.
      • Ciumbabon,
      • St. Maria.
      • St. Michael.
      • Zolo.
      • St. John.
      • Boquerano.

• The ISLES of CEYLAN, with its Kingdoms, Cities, and Isles, as they lie
  • North-Easternly, and on the Sea; as,
    • Jafanapatan.
    • Trimquilemale.
    • Baticalo.
  • Westernly, and on the Sea; as,
    • Punto Gallo.
    • Colombo.
    • Chilao.
  • Within Land; as,
    • Jala.
    • Ceitavaca,
    • Candea.
    • Das sette Corales.
  • Isles about, and Close to CEYLAN; as
    • Manar, — Manar.
    • Grande.
    • Barra de Cardiva.

• The ISLES of the MALDIVES, as they are know buy the Names of the ATTOLLONS of Tilla don Matis.
  • Milla doûe Madoûe,
  • Padypola.
  • Malos Madou.
  • A•iatollon.
  • Male Atollon.
  • Poulisdou.
  • Molucque.
  • Nillandoux.
  • Collomadous.
  • Adoumathis.
  • Sovadou.
  • Adou, and Pove Molucque,

THE ISLES OF THE SOUND.

• 1.50THE Isles of the SOƲND are those of Sumatra, Borneo, Java, the greater and lesser, and others: They are underneath and about the Equator, advancing on this side, to the seventh and eighth degree of Latitude, towards the North; and beyond it, unto the ninth or tenth degree of South Latitude; beginning at 135 Degrees of Longitude, Westward, and ending about the 160 Eastwards: So that they are together 16 or 18 Degrees of Latitude, which are 400 and odd Leagues; and 24 or 25 Degrees of Longitude, which are 600 or thereabouts.

• 1.51The Portugals called them the Isles of the Sound, because they are to the South of Malacca, as Pyrardus saith. I believe rather, because of the Streight of the Sound, which is between the two chief, and best known of these Islands, to wit, Sumatra and Java major; or else, because of the Port of Bantam, which is called of the Sound, being the best Port, and of the greatest concourse that is in all these Islands.

• 1.52The Island of SƲMATRA is 10 or 12 Leagues from the Peninsula of Malacca, and extends from the sixth Degree of Latitude on this side, near to the sixth on the other side the Equator, which are about 11 or 12 Degrees of Latitude; but it lying from North-west to South-east, stretches from its Northerly point towards Achem, unto that of Labansamora towards the South, and on the Streight of the Sound, near 400 Leagues, being not above 50, 60, or at most 80 broad.

• 1.53Some Authors divide it into 4, others into 10, and others into 30 Kingdoms. It is to be believed, that it had sometimes more, sometimes less, or that the least were Vassals or Tributaries to the greatest. At present those most famous are Achem, which holds likewise Pedir, to which it hath been subject, and Pacem on the Northern Coasts towards India; Camper almost underneath Palimbam, Jamby, Guadahyri, Priaman, Baras, and Manancabo, beyond the Equator: All which are the Seats of so many of their Kings. But a word or two of Achem, which is of the greatest esteem.

• 1.54The City of Achem is seated on the side of a very broad River, and in a large Plain: It hath neither Gates nor Walls to defend it self, but a Castle, which is the Palace Royal, which is fortified with a good Wall and Pallisado, and well armed, and so seated, that it commands the whole City: They enter into this Castle or Palace by seven several Gates, one after another, which are guarded by Women that are expert at their Weapons, which are also the ordinary Guard of the King's Person; and without the leave of the King, or his Guard, none are suffered to enter the Pallisado. The Buildings in this Castle are but mean, which are the same with those of the City, which by reason of the often overflowing of the River, are built upon Piles, and covered with Coco Leaves, but the furniture which is rich and costly. On two sides of the Castle, there are pleasant Forests, well stored with Apes, Herns, and all manner of Birds, and other delights, in which the King recreates himself; as also in Cock-fighting, Hunting the Elephant, or Bathing Himself in the River. In all which, he seldom is without a Company of Women, in whom he most delighteth. He observes great state, seldom shewing himself; he is much reverenced by his Subjects, whom he uses no better than Slaves: In his Laws he is very severe; and in his Punishment cruel. His Government being absolute and meerly arbitrary. His Revenue, without doubt, must be great, by reason of the rich Commodities that are found here. He is so powerful, that in 1616 he put to Sea 60000 Men of War, in 200 Ships and 60 Galleys, with store of Cannons and Ammunition, to make War against the Portugals in Malacca; and he alone drove them from the Fort which they had in Pacem; and hindred them from taking footing in Sumatra.

• 1.55The Air, by reason of the great heats, is very unhealthful, but withal, is very fertile, abounding in Rice, Millet, Oyl, Beefs, Goats, Sheep, Fowls, Fish, store of Fruits; also it is rich in Gold, though of a lower alloy, in Silver, Copper, Iron, Tin, in Precious Stones, in Silks, in several Spices, as long and common Pepper, Ginger, Cinnamon, Cloves, Nutmegs,; also in Medicinal Drugs, in Wax, Honey, Camphire, Cassia, Bezar, Lignum, Musk, Civet, Amber, Alloes, whole Woods of white Sandale, abundance of Cotton, &c.

The Hollanders are in good intelligence with the people, and Kings of Sumatra; and particularly with him of Achem: They have no place or Fortress in the Isle, but at Jambay, a Kingdom, City, and River of the same name; in one degree and fifty minutes beyond the Equator. They have built on this River, and 25 Leagues from the Coast, a House to accommodate their Traffick with the Islanders: Their Trade is for the most part Pepper, which they send from this House to the Sea by Canoes. The Inhabitants are many of them good Artificers and expert Mariners; they are for the most part Gentiles, yet of late Mahometism hath crept in amongst them: They are of an Olive colour Complexion, flat-faced, but indifferent well proportioned, and content themselves with a mean habit.

• 1.56The Island of BORNEO, like to Sumatra, is part on this side, and part beyond the Equator; but it reaches on this side unto the seventeenth degree of North Latitude, and beyond only to the fourth of South Latitude. Its Form is almost round, having only 250 Leagues from North to South, and little less from West to East; containing in its Continent more than Sumatra, or any other Isle we have knowledge of in Asia; but it is not so well inhabited, nor of so great Trade as Sumatra, yet more fertile, and besides the same Commodites hath quantity of Myrabolans. Its Forests are full of Trees, which bear the most excellent Camphire in the World, which is uttered in the Indies, being too dear to be brought farther: That which comes to us from China, is so falsified, and of so little value, in respect of that which comes pure from Borneo, that one hundred pounds of the one, is not worth one pound of the other. It hath also plenty of Provision. Borneo, Bendarmissin, Lave, and Hormeta, are the fairest Cities, or at least the best known of the Isle; for we yet know nothing of the Eastern Coast. Borneo is on a Salt Lake, or rather at the bottom of the Gulf of the Sea, as Venice is, and is on the North-West of the Island. Its Houses are built of Wood, and upon Piles, and are accounted to be 20 or 25000. Through every Street runneth a Channel or River of Water; the Palace of the King, and the Houses of the principal Lords are of Stone, and on the firm Land, Bendarmassin and Lave are towards the South, regarding the great Java, and both belong to the same King: They build many Juncos at Bendarmassin. The River of Succadan, and the Neighbouring Forrests furnish them easily with Wood, and all that is necessary for the building of those Vessels. Lave is near a River of the same name; and this River, as Succadan, yields Diamonds. Hormeta, is described by the Hollanders on the Coast, Westwards of the Isle, and they esteem it to have 2 or 3000 Houses.

• 1.57The Inhabitants are great, of an Olive colour, of a good countenance; their Women brown and chaste, a thing very rare in the Neighbouring Islands. They trade little to distant places, being more inclined to Theft and Piracy, then to Trade; exercising this only with their Neighbours, the others with strangers far off. They are expert in all sorts of Arms, of good Wits, and capable of Arts. Their Apparel is much the same with the Indians, which is a Linnen Cloth about their privy Parts, and on their Heads Turbets. In their Religion they are either Mahometants or Gentiles.

• 1.58About Borneo are a great quantity of little Isles, Bonquerano 3 Degrees, St. John 4. Jolo or Zolo 5. Tagyma 6. and Combahan 8 Degrees of Latitude: This last is on the North of the Gulph, and City of Borneo; near that Gulph is Pulogitgan, &c. all these Islands belong to the King or Kings of Borneo.

• 1.59The two Islands of JAVA Major and Minor are to the South of Borneo: however there is much dispute about the seat of the little one, the greater lies from the sixth, unto the eighth, ninth, or tenth Degree of South Latitude, for we know not its certain breadth: And from the 145 Meridian beyond the 155, this length being 250 Leagues, and its breadth little less. We have scarce knowledge of any but the North-coast of this Island, none at all of its Southern.

• 1.60Along the North-Coast of Bantam, where is one of the greatest Trades of all the East-Indies, and where the Merchants of the East-India Company of England have their residence, and where once there was a like Company for the Hollanders, which they have transported to Jacatra or Batavia. Bantam is at the foot of a Hill, from which descend three Rivers; of which one passes through the middle, the others long, and on the two sides of the City, communicating by divers Channels, convenient for the Mahometans, who believe themselves purged from their sins, as often as they wash, but all too shallow for Ships to sail in; the Walls of the City are of Brick of no great strength, as also are their Gates, which makes them have the greater care in guarding them: The City is indifferent great, yet have they but three principal Streets, and these all but upon the Castle; at every corner of the Streets there stands a guard, and at Sunset they make fast all passage Boats, so that in the night there is no stirring in the Streets. The Houses are but meanly built, either of Reeds or Straw, and covered with Coco leaves; but for preservation of Goods, they have Storehouses made of Stone; they have several places or Markets for the sale of Commodities, as also an Exchange where Merchants meet.

• 1.61The Commodities of Bantam are these of the Isle, as all sorts of Druggs, Pepper, Sugar, Preserved Ginger, and all sorts of Sweet-meats, both wet and dry; Rice, Honey, &c.

Also in this City is found several good Commodities, which are the product of other places, which are here had at easie rates, viz. Spices, precious Stones, Ammunition, Sandal-wood. Silk both raw and wrought into several Fabricks, as Velvets, Sattins, Damask, Cabinets, Lacque, Porcelain, Callicoes, Frankinsence, Camphora, Benjamine, &c.

It is governed by a Supream or Sovereign Prince, whom they entitle the Mattaran, and hath four Deputies or Tetrarchs his Subordinates. It is very well peopled; the Houses of persons of quality are better built then the rest, having square Courts at their entrance; and commonly there is a Mosque belonging to every one of them, as also a Cistern to wash themselves in. The Palace is indifferently well built; shewing some kind of State; here the Chinesses (who are great traders to this City, bring in most of the Commodities except Pepper, Cotton, Wool, and Rice) have a place of meeting for their worship.

• 1.62Fifteen or twenty Leagues from Bantam is Jacatra, now Batavia, since the Hollanders have builded this on the ruins of the other, where they had a fair Magazine: The King of Jacatra assisted by some English, besieged it about the year 1618. the Hollanders defended themselves till March 1619. that their General Koen returning from the Moluccoes raised the siege; took and ruined Jacatra, and rebuilt Batavia, with a very good Cittadel: This place is at present the Seat or Court of the General and Councellors of the East-India Company, for the Ʋnited Provinces.

Continuing along the Coast,* 1.63 and 100 or 120 Leagues from Batavia is JAPARA, a City and Kingdom with a good Port, and a fair River. TƲBAN 20 or 25 Leagues from Japara, likewise a City and Kingdom, and Gulph:* 1.64 Fifty Leagues farther is the City, River, and Port of Jortan, which is of great concourse, for those that go or return from Bantam to the Moluccoes, and from the Moluccoes to Bantam;* 1.65Passaruam is 20 Leagues from Jortan, and Panarucan yet 8 Leagues farther: This makes the most Easterly point of Java Major: Balambuan is 12 or 15 Leagues from Panarucan, inclining towards the South. All these Cities have each their Kings. Balambuan regards the Isle of Baly,* 1.66 and the streight that is between them, takes its name from Balambuan as the most famous. Many Portugals remained at Panarucan to facilitate the Commerce they had of the Moluccoes, of Amboyna, Banda, Timor, &c. with Malacca, or those places they possess on this side, Panarucan being in the way between. Near this City a Sulphurous Mountain cast forth such great quantity of Stones and Cinders in 1588, that 10000 persons were stifled.

In the midst of the Isle of JAVA, and towards the South Coast is the City of Maderan or Materan,* 1.67 the residence of the most powerful King of Java: This City is 100 Leagues from Bantam, 100 or 120 from Balambuan, and only 35 or 40 from Japara. This King once commanded the whole Isle; he yet commands those Kings which are in the High-land, and on the South Coast: Those on this side have freed themselves from his Rule, rendring him only certain Duties, yet some places he holds on this Coast.

• 1.68We have no certain knowledge of JAVA Minor, if we do not esteem it to be those Isles to the East of Java Major, and whose Northern Coast we only know. Mark Paul of Venice, who made the first Relation, saith that it contained 2000 Leagues Circuit, which would be more then our great Java, as we know it at present; he saith it had eight Kingdoms, of which he had seen six; gives to the soil the same qualities with the great one; but that its Inhabitants were more savage, and some Man-eaters: we shall presently speak a word or two of both Java's.

• 1.69On the East of Java is BALY Isle, which hath not above 40 Leagues Circuit, yet is peopled with 600 thousand Souls, hath its particular King, rich, and magnificent. Madura Ifle on the North-East of Jortan in the Java Major, is likewise full of people; Its Cities are very fair; hath its particular King; its people are wicked and perfidious.

• 1.70The people of all these Isles are Mahometans on the Coast, up in the Country great Idolaters; and some Man-eaters. They have many Kings, and have hitherto been able to hinder the Spaniads, Portugals, and Hollanders, from building on their Coasts; yet these last have lately got Butavia, which they bravely maintain.

The people are corpulent, of a middle stature, broad-faced, little eyes; they wear long hair, of a Chestnut complexion; they are addicted naturally to theft, stout and couragious, very malicous when angred, very proud, deceitful, and great lyars; their cloathing is as the other Indians, that is, only a piece of cloth tied about their privy parts. Yet some exceed, whereas others go quite naked. They yet retain divers barbarous Customs and Ceremonies, as well in matters of Religion as otherwise. Their weapons are the Bow and Arrows, the Dart, the Lance, and Shield, and Crizes, a strange and cruel weapon.

• 1.71The Country or Islands are very fertile, affording very many rich Commodities, as hath been spoken of already, which are all very excellent; they have several sorts of both tame and wild Beasts, abundance of Fowls and Fishes, among the rest Oysters, which if Mandelsloes may be credited, weigheth 300 pound weight; among their Serpents they have Crocodiles very large; and for their Fruits, they may compare with most places, as well for the fairness, pleasant tastes, as for the great variety of them.

This Isle is much troubled at some part of the year with dreadful Thundrings and Lightnings.

Let us now make a short observation on the one and the other Java, and the neighbouring Isles and Countries, according as Mark Paul of Venice hath described them. It seems that his great Java must be the Isle of Borneo, his Isles Sondor and Condor must be Pulo Londor, his Province of Beach, the Peninsula of Malacca, his Isle Patan, that of Sumatra, and his Java minor our present Java major: And it is to be believed that Borneo, Sumatra, and Java are likewise the three Sindes of Ptolomy.

1685. Geographia universalis: the present state of the whole world by Pierre Duval.

THe Streight of Sunda gives it Name to the Isles of Sumatra, and Borneo: It is the common passage of the Ships which go to China, and in the most Oriental Seas. The Air of these three Islands is unwholsome, and they do not furnish those Provisions for the Mouth, that are to be got in the Terra firma of India. Their Inhabitants are Pagans in the Inland-Countrey, Mahometans upon the Sea-Coasts. They have several Kings, who, besides their Armies by Land, have considerable Forces by Sea. They furnish rich Merchandizes, and chiefly Spiceries, which the English, Portugals, Hollanders, and most other Nations fetch from thence.

Sumatra is the most renown'd Island of the East, by reason of its spaciousness and riches; It is seven hundred Miles in length, and two hundred in breadth, with several Mines of Gold. It is ten Leagues distant from the Terra firma; the Ancients thought it a Peninsula, by reason of the great number of small Islands, which seem'd to join it to the Continent. It has five or six Kings, of whom that of Achem is best known to us: the others remain at Camper, Jambi, Menancabo, and Palimban. They have maintain'd themselves so well in their Islands, that the Europeans have not yet been able to hold there any Fortresses. There is a Mountain which casts forth fire and flames, in like manner with Mount Gibel in Sicily. The Pepper, which grows in this Island, is better than that of the Coast of Malabar, because the Soyl is here more humid. The Gold is gathered in grain and small pieces, in little Ditches, by the means of floods of Water. In the Inlands of this Isle there are still barbarous Inhabitants, who make no difficulty of eating the raw flesh of their Enemies with Salt and Pepper, which they always carry about them for that purpose. The City of Achem, the most considerable of all the Island, was much better than it is at this day. It is half a League from the Sea, in a Plain, with a Fortress upon the Banks of a River, which is as broad as the Thames, but so shallow, that it cannot bear ordinary Vessels.

Java has several small Kings, each City having often its own; the knowledge of whom is of no great use to us. There are, amongst others, those of Japara, Tuban, Jortan, Panarvan, Panarucan, and Palambuam. Several are Pagans, some Mahometans; Most own homage to the Grand Materau, who resides either at Materau, or Japara, and who formerly pretended to the Sovereignty of the whole Island. There are Oysters taken upon this Coast, some of which are said to weigh full three hundred pounds. The Island produces such large Reeds, that one of these Reeds alone is sufficient to make a small Boat. It likewise furnishes excellent Calamba, which is the Wood of the Aigle, or Aloes, Salt, which is taken near Jortan; Gold and Silver in abundance. Its Southern Coast is not yet known. Java is one of the greatest Islands of Asia, and, by reason of its abundance, some call it the Compendium of the whole World. Its City of Bantam is at the foot of a Hill, environ'd with two Hills, and cut through by a third. The Walls of the City are of Brick, flanck'd with several Cannons, without full Earth, only three foot thick: Its Haven is the most spacious, and most frequented, that is in all the Islands of Sonde: There is all manner of Spices, Gums, and other Commodities of the East-Indies. It is the Staple of the English, tho' our last advice from thence tell us of great changes, and that the King of Bantam's Son, assisted by the Hollanders, had drove both the Right King and English from thence. The French have, of late years, drove some small Trade in this Town. Some Spaniards call Bantam, the Geneva of the East. Jacatra, or Batavia, has, since the Year 1669. been the Residence of the Councel of the Hollander's East-India Company, and the Magazine General of all the rich Merchandises, which they draw from the Countries of the East, to send into Europe. It has a good Cittadel, with four regular Bastions, Half-Moons, and other Works. It is in a Bay, which being covered by some Islands toward the Sea, forms the best Road in all the Indies. After this, Jortam is one of the best and most frequented Havens of the Isle of Java.

Borneo is the greatest Island of all Asia, fertile in Merabolans and Camphire. It has several good Roads, but few good Towns. Some say, it is the Java Major of Marc-Pol of Venice, and Java Minor is that we have just before made mention of. The City of Borneo is built upon Posts in the Sea, at the Mouth of a River, where is a Great and Commodious Haven. It has its particular King as well as Bender-Massin. Sabas is the Capital of a Kingdom which affords Diamonds.

1676. A most exact and accurate map of the whole world by Donald Lupton.

Amboyna, S. of the Aequator, fertile in Rice, Ci∣trons, Lemmons, Orenges, Coquo-nuts, Sugar-canes, and Cloves, &c. Which hot fruits suck the moysture of the Earth, so that nothing else will grow there. Notorious for the unheard of cruelties exercised upon the English by the Dutch 1618 in that place.

7. Macassar, W. Amboyna, S. W. Celebes, six hundred miles from E. to W. plentifull of Rice, Flesh, Fish, Salt, Cotton-wool, Gold, Pearls, Sander a Medicinal wood growing like a Nutmeg-tree, the fruit like Cherries, overgrown with wood; there 1 is Senderem, neer a large Lake, very commodious for Traffick. 2 Macassar, an English Factory; there are other places hereabouts, as Sanguin, Terrao, Solor, &c. but not worth a Descri∣ption.

8. B•rneo, two thousand two hundred miles round, under the Aequator, affording besides necessaries Cam∣phire, Agariche, Adamants; and a people very white and honest, that sit not on businesse till the Moon is up, which they take to be the Suns wife, and the Stars their Children: Hath for towns, 1 Bornes, hear a good∣ly Bay, N. W. 2 The Commodious Cities, and fair Havens of Tajopura, Tamoaratas, Maalano, Lavi, Paro, and Sagdana an English Factory.

9. South of Borneo and the Aequator, is

1 Java ma∣jor, three thousand miles round; rich in all Corn, es∣pecially Rice, all flesh salted, all sorts of Fowl, plenty of Gold, Precious Stones, Brass of the best kind; Silks, Pepper, Ginger, Cinnamon, and other Spices; the people careless of their words, answering when taxed with it, that the tongue was not made of Bone. The chief Towns, 1 Panacuran, neer a burning hill. 2 Jortam. 3 Ballambua. 4 Passarva. 5 Taban. 6 Taggal. 7 Surra∣baia. 8 Catabaon. Unwholesome Bantam of great trade the English, Portugez and Dutch having Factories here; the principal Factory of the English in the Indies. 10 The good Port Agracan. 11 Sura. 12 Situa, about which there is abundance of Pepper.

2 Java minor, not so well yet discovered.

10. Summatra, seven hundred miles long, and two hundred broad on the North of Java major, under the Aequator; the Soil hot and unwholesome, yielding Ginger, Pepper, Camphire, Agariche, and Cassia; besides Honey, Wax, Silks, Cottons, rich Mines, not only of Tin, Iron, and Sulphur, and other Minerals, but of Gold, it being conceived to be Solomons Ophir. The Inhabitants good Merchants, and Artificers, al∣wayes leading a spare Horse with them to their Mos∣ches, looking for Mahomet to come and ride on him: Here is, 1 Passaman, a town of great trade; but un∣healthy as the English know, who have a Factory there. 2 Tecoo, and its convenient Haven. 3 Priamon, all three towns lying in that Country where Pepper groweth. 4 Achen, and the Kings Court. 5 Menantabo. 6 Cambar.

11. Zeiland, Northwest of Summatra, and its woods of Cinnamon, Lemmons, Orenges, &c. wild and tame Fowls and Beasts, especially Elephants, thought by them Paradise, there being an Hill there called, Pico de Adam; the people good Artificers and Jug∣glers; Here is, 1 Candie. 2 Ventane. 3 Colmuchi, on a capacious Bay, a place of great trade, especially for Cinamon, Gems, Elephants-teeth, &c. well sortified by Portugez, who call it Columbo. 4 Laula. 5 Galle. 6 Tinamaca. 7 Triqui Lemale. 8 Jana Sipatan. 9 Vilassem. 10 Batecolom, neer which Isle, are the Mald••ae, and there Maldiva, a well known Empory.

All these places speak the Indian tongue in diverse Dialects; most of the Inhabitants Pagans and Mahu∣metans, except here and there some Plantations of Christian Converts, by the Spaniards and Portugez.