Rivers

Empires collapse, borders shift, and cities are leveled to the ground. New settlements rise upon the ruins of past civilizations. Yet rivers continue to flow, descending from mountain peaks along their ancient, unchanging courses. As we study old maps, we encounter many unfamiliar names of settlements. These maps lack the state boundaries we are accustomed to, as such concepts were absent in their time. Even mountains were seldom drawn by ancient cartographers. But rivers—of exceptional importance to the people of the past, often overlooked by modern historians—are always present. Knowing the ancient names of these rivers provides modern researchers with a powerful tool for locating lost settlements through the use of historic maps. I hope my work will contribute to the search for forgotten cities and reveal a few more fascinating chapters of our shared history.

Rivers

Asia

XXI	XVII									Running
Ob	Oby	Margus								W. turningN
Syr Darya	Chesel	Laxartus	Jaxartes	Spane	Seihun					W.
Amu Darya	Abiamus	Oxus	Geichon	Abias	Ghaion	Gihon	Tihun	Gieihun	Gieihoun
Don	Don	Tanais	Tana (it.)							E. turn. W.
Ural	Jaick	Rhymnus

Drafts

XXI	XVII	Anciently by				Running
		1699. Geography anatomiz'd.
	Ochardus	Unkonwn				N.
	Tartar	Unknown
	Palisanga	Unknown				E.
	Croceus	Unknown				E. various turnings.
	Kiang	Unknown				E.
	Ganges	Idem				S.
	Guenga	Not remarkable				E.
	Indus	Idem				S. W.
	Palimalon	Not remarkable				E.
	Ilment	Arabs				S.
	Bendimur	Bagradas. Agradatus.				S. W.
	Tiriti	Euletis. Choaspes Hidaspes
	Syri	Araxes. Arases.
	Tegil	Tygris				S. E.
	Prat	Euphrates
	Egypt
	Nile	Nilus				N.
	Barbary
	Guadilbarbara	Bagradas, Macra				N.
	Major	Rubricatus
	Bildulgerid
	Guadilbarbara	Not remarkable				N. W
	Branches of Gir	Giras				S. E.
	In Zaara is the Body of Gir	Giras				S. E.
	In Negroeland is the 〈◊〉	Idem				W. Gulma
	Guinea
	Sweria de Costa	Not remarkable
	Rivere de Volta	Not remarkable
	In Nubia is the River Nuba	Not remarkable				N. E.
	Exterior	Zaire
	Coanza	Unknown				W.
	Ethiopia
	R. de Infanto	Unknown
	Zambre	Unknown				S. E.
	R. de Spiritu S.	Unknown				S. E.
	Interior is Nile its main Body	Nilus				N.

Those of America.

XXI	XVII	Anciently by	Running
		1699. Geography anatomiz'd.
	In New Spain
	N. Granada is Rio del Nort.	Unknown	S. W.
	Florida is R. del Spiri∣tu S.	Unknown	S.
	The great River Canada	Unknown	E.
	The Connecticut	Unknown	S.
	Hudson's River	Unknown
	Rivere de la Ware	Unknown
	The Sesquahana	Unknown
	The Patomeck	Unknown
	In Terra Arctica none
	R. de Paria or Orinoque	Unknown	N.
	R. de Madeline	Unknown
	S. Martha	Unknown
	Brasil
	Miary	Unknown	N. E.
	Siope	Unknown	N.
	S. Francis	Unknown	E.
	Parama	Unknown	S. W.
	In Amazonia is the Amazone with its Branches	Unknown	N. E.

Those of Europe.

XXI	XVII	Anciently by		Running
		1699. Geography anatomiz'd.
	Scandinavia
	Swedeland are
	Dalcarle	Unknown		Eastward.
	Kimi	Unknown		Southw.
	Torno	Unknown
	Elfe	Unknown
	Denmark
	Norway
	Moscovi.
	Volga	Rha	Edi (tart.)	E. turning S
	Dwina	Unknown		N. W.
	France
	Sein	Sequana		N. W.
	Loir	Ligeris		W.
	Rhone	Rhodanus		S.
	Garonne	Garumna		N. W.
	Germany
	Danube	Danubius or Ister		E.
	Scheld	Scaldis		N. turn W
	Maes	Mosa
	Rhine	Rhenus		N. W.
	Elm	Amasius
	Weser	Visurgis
	Elbe	Albus
	Oder	Odera or Viadrus		N.
	Poland
	Nieper	Boristhenes		S. E.
	Niester	Tyras
	Bogg	Hypanis
	Vistule	Unknown		N. W.
	Niemen	Unknown
	Duna	Unknown
	Spain
	Ebre	Iberus		S. E.
	Xucar	Suero
	Guadalquivir	Batis		S. W.
	Gualiana	Anas
	Tago	Tagus
	Douro	Durius		W. in its main Body.
	Italy
	Po	Eridanus or Padus		E.
	Adige	Athesis
	Arno	Arnus		S. W.
	Tiber	Tibris
	Volturno	Uulturnus		W.
	European Turkey
	Danube	Danubius or Ister		E.
	Scotland
	Tay	Taus		E.
	Clyde	Glotta		N. W.
	Spey	Speia		N.
	Dee	Dea, Diva, Ocasa		E.
	Don	Dona
	England
	Thames	Tamesis		E.
	Severn	Sabrina		S. W.
	Humber	Ouse		Abus
	Trent	Triginta		N. in main Body.
	Tine	Tina		E.
	Twede	Tuesis		E.
	Medway	Vaga		N. turning E.
	Cam	Camus		N.
	Ireland
	Shannon	Sinus		S. W.
	Lee	Sauranus		E.
	Blackwater	Avenmoore		E. turning S,
	Barrow	Birgus		S.
	Lift	Libnius		N. E.
	Boyne	Buvinda, Boina